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Synthesis of Graphene-Hydroxyapatite Nanocomposites for Potential Use in Bone Tissue Engineering
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Physicochemical evaluation and in vitro hemocompatibility study on nanoporous hydroxyapatite
Chee-Heong Ooi1, Yew Pei Ling1, Wan Zaidah Abdullah2
1School of Materials and Mineral Resources Engineering, Engineering Campus, Universiti Sains Malaysia, 14300, Nibong Tebal, Penang, Malaysia.
Journal of Materials Science. Materials in Medicine
|April 1, 2019
Summary
Synthesized nanoporous hydroxyapatite demonstrates excellent hemocompatibility, showing minimal hemolysis and no adverse effects on blood platelets or clotting. This biomaterial shows promise for artificial kidney applications.
Area of Science:
- Biomaterials Science
- Nanotechnology
- Biomedical Engineering
Background:
- Hydroxyapatite is a well-established biomaterial for bone tissue engineering, known for its biocompatibility and hemocompatibility.
- Incorporating nanoporosity into hydroxyapatite could enhance its adsorption capabilities for uremic toxin removal in artificial kidney systems.
- The impact of nanoporosity on hydroxyapatite's hemocompatibility remains an area requiring further investigation.
Purpose of the Study:
- To synthesize nanoporous hydroxyapatite using a hydrothermal technique.
- To evaluate the hemocompatibility of the synthesized nanoporous hydroxyapatite.
- To assess the potential of nanoporous hydroxyapatite for biomedical applications, particularly in artificial kidney systems.
Main Methods:
- Nanoporous hydroxyapatite was synthesized via hydrothermal method using non-ionic surfactants as soft templates.
- Material characterization included X-ray diffraction (XRD), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), and Transmission Electron Microscopy (TEM).
- Hemocompatibility was assessed through hemolysis tests, platelet adhesion and activation assays, and blood clotting time measurements.
Main Results:
- Synthesized samples confirmed pure hydroxyapatite phase with rod-like particles (21-90 nm length, 11-70 nm diameter).
- BET surface area ranged from 33-45 m²g⁻¹, with a pore volume of 0.35-0.44 cm³g⁻¹.
- Hemocompatibility tests showed <5% hemolysis, no platelet activation or morphological changes, and no blood coagulation.
Conclusions:
- The synthesized nanoporous hydroxyapatite exhibits excellent hemocompatibility.
- The material's properties suggest its potential utility in biomedical applications, including artificial kidney systems for toxin removal.
- Further research can explore its efficacy in specific medical device designs.
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