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Pathogenic E. coli Extracts Nutrients from Infected Host Cells Utilizing Injectisome Components.

Ritesh Ranjan Pal1, Amit K Baidya1, Gideon Mamou1

  • 1Department of Microbiology and Molecular Genetics, Institute for Medical Research Israel-Canada, The Hebrew University-Hadassah Medical School, POB 12272, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, 91120 Jerusalem, Israel.

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Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Pathogenic bacteria like EPEC extract nutrients directly from host cells using a specialized protein complex called CORE. This host nutrient extraction (HNE) mechanism allows pathogens to thrive in nutrient-poor environments.

Keywords:
EPECT3SSenteropathogenic E. coliexport apparatusflagellahost nutrient extractionhost-pathogen interactioninjectisomenanotubestype III secretion system

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Area of Science:

  • Microbiology
  • Cell Biology
  • Pathogen-Host Interactions

Background:

  • The gut microbiota and intestinal epithelium limit pathogen growth through rapid nutrient consumption.
  • Pathogens must develop strategies to overcome nutrient competition for host colonization.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate how pathogens, specifically enteropathogenic E. coli (EPEC), circumvent nutrient limitation to colonize the host.
  • To identify the molecular mechanisms enabling pathogens to acquire nutrients from host cells.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized EPEC as a model pathogen to study nutrient acquisition from host cells.
  • Identified and characterized the CORE protein complex involved in host nutrient extraction (HNE).
  • Investigated the evolutionary relationship and functional conservation of CORE complexes across different bacterial structures.

Main Results:

  • EPEC employs a process termed host nutrient extraction (HNE) to obtain nutrients from infected host cells.
  • A novel inner-membrane protein complex, CORE, was identified as essential and sufficient for HNE.
  • CORE facilitates the formation of nanotubular structures for direct host-bacterial contact, distinct from the injectisome.
  • Conserved CORE complexes from diverse bacterial origins, including flagella, can restore HNE function in EPEC.

Conclusions:

  • Host nutrient extraction (HNE) is a critical virulence strategy for pathogens to colonize nutrient-limited niches.
  • The CORE complex and its associated nanotubular structures represent a conserved mechanism for nutrient acquisition in pathogens.
  • Understanding HNE provides insights into bacterial pathogenesis and potential therapeutic targets.