Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jan 27, 2026

Methods for ECG Evaluation of Indicators of Cardiac Risk, and Susceptibility to Aconitine-induced Arrhythmias in Rats Following Status Epilepticus
08:28

Methods for ECG Evaluation of Indicators of Cardiac Risk, and Susceptibility to Aconitine-induced Arrhythmias in Rats Following Status Epilepticus

Published on: April 5, 2011

18.2K

Mutations of Voltage-Gated Ionic Channels and Risk of Severe Cardiac Arrhythmias

Amir Dehghani-Samani1, Samin Madreseh-Ghahfarokhi2, Azam Dehghani-Samani3

  • 1Department of Clinical Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Shahrekord University, Shahrekord.

Acta Cardiologica Sinica
|April 2, 2019
PubMed
Abstract

Insights

Mutations in cardiac voltage-gated ion channels can cause arrhythmias. This review highlights that potassium channel mutations are particularly significant in developing these heart rhythm disorders.

Area of Science:

  • Cardiology
  • Molecular Biology
  • Genetics

Background:

  • Cardiac arrhythmias stem from abnormal heart rhythms, often linked to issues in action potential generation and conduction.
  • Action potentials in heart cells (myocytes) depend on ion channel proteins, and their electrical coupling via gap junctions is crucial for conduction.
  • Proper function of cardiac ion channels is essential for generating and conducting action potentials, maintaining normal heart rhythm.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To comprehensively review the ionic mechanisms underlying arrhythmogenic mutations in a wide range of cardiac voltage-gated ion channels.
  • To examine mutations in specific channels including CACNA1C, CACNA1D, KCNA5, KCND2, KCND3, KCNE1, KCNE2, KCNE5, KCNH2, KCNJ2, KCNJ5, KCNQ1, SCN4A, SCN5A, SCN1B, SCN2B, SCN3B, and SCN4B.

Main Methods:

  • A comprehensive review of existing literature on cardiac voltage-gated ion channels and their associated arrhythmias.
  • Simultaneous discussion of the relationship between cardiac arrhythmias and various families of voltage-gated ion channels.

Main Results:

  • Mutations in cardiac voltage-gated ion channels are significant contributors to the development of severe cardiac arrhythmias.
  • Mutations affecting voltage-gated potassium channels appear to play a more critical role in arrhythmogenesis compared to other channel types.

Conclusions:

  • Arrhythmias induced by voltage-gated ion channel mutations frequently lead to action potential prolongation and long QT syndromes.
  • Investigating and understanding ionic channel regulators presents a promising avenue for future research in managing cardiac arrhythmias.
Keywords:
ArrhythmiaIon channelIonic current

More Related Videos

Viral Transgene Expression in Rodent Hearts and the Assessment of Cardiac Arrhythmia Risk05:15

Viral Transgene Expression in Rodent Hearts and the Assessment of Cardiac Arrhythmia Risk

Published on: July 27, 2022

2.1K
Rat Model of Right-Sided Cardiac Remodeling and Arrhythmia Using Pulmonary Artery Banding10:39

Rat Model of Right-Sided Cardiac Remodeling and Arrhythmia Using Pulmonary Artery Banding

Published on: August 30, 2024

1.3K

Related Concept Videos

Voltage-gated Ion Channels01:26

Voltage-gated Ion Channels

Voltage-gated ion channels are transmembrane proteins that open and close in response to changes in the membrane potential. They are present on the membranes of all electrically excitable cells such as neurons, heart, and muscle cells.
Generally, all voltage-gated ion channels have a 'voltage-sensing domain' that spans the lipid bilayer. The charged residues in the sensor move in response to the membrane potential changes that open the channel allowing ions movement. There are several types of...
10.6K
Mechanism of Cardiac Arrhythmias01:28

Mechanism of Cardiac Arrhythmias

Arrhythmias are irregular heart rhythms occurring when the heart's electrical impulses become abnormal. These disturbances can lead to various symptoms, depending on their severity and the underlying cause. Some common factors contributing to arrhythmias include hypoxia, ischemia, electrolyte imbalances, excessive catecholamine exposure, drug toxicity, and muscle overstretching. Arrhythmias can be classified into two main types based on the rate and site of origin of abnormal heart rhythms.
1.7K
Non-gated Ion Channels01:24

Non-gated Ion Channels

Ion channels are specialized proteins on the plasma membrane that allow charged ions to pass down their electrochemical gradient. Their main function is to maintain the membrane potential which is critical for cell viability. These channels are either gated or non-gated and can transport more than a thousand ions within milliseconds for the cellular event to occur.
Compared to the gated ion channels, the non-gated channels, also known as leakage or passive channels, have no gating mechanism....
8.1K
Mechanically-gated Ion Channels01:12

Mechanically-gated Ion Channels

Mechanically-gated ion channels are proteins found in eukaryotic and prokaryotic cell membranes that open in response to mechanical stress. Tension, compression, swelling, and shear stress can alter the conformation of the protein, opening a transmembrane channel that allows the passage of ions for signal transmission. In eukaryotes, mechanically-gated channels are distributed in several regions like the neurons, lungs, skin, bladder, and heart, where they play critical roles in numerous...
7.6K
Ligand-Gated Ion Channel Receptor: Gating Mechanism01:30

Ligand-Gated Ion Channel Receptor: Gating Mechanism

Ligand-gated ion channels are transmembrane proteins that play a vital role in intercellular communication and functions of the nervous system. They allow the influx of ions across the membrane once the neurotransmitter binds, allowing the subsequent transmission of electrical excitation across the neurons. Other ligand-gated ion channels, like the γ-aminobutyric acid (GABA) receptor, permit anions like chloride into the cells on the binding of the GABA molecule. Their entry into the cell...
3.9K
G-Protein Gated Ion Channels01:21

G-Protein Gated Ion Channels

GPCRs are primarily responsible for our sense of smell, taste, and vision.  The binding of a sensory stimulus activates GPCR to stimulate effector proteins, many of which are ion channels in the sensory organs. GPCRs modulate the opening and closing of the target ion channels either directly by binding them, or by releasing second messengers that activate these channels. As ions move across the membrane, the membrane potential is altered, which induces an appropriate response.
Sensory...
5.7K