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Nutrient and Stress Sensing in Pathogenic Yeasts.

Julian C Rutherford1, Yong-Sun Bahn2, Bert van den Berg1

  • 1Institute for Cell and Molecular Biosciences, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, United Kingdom.

Frontiers in Microbiology
|April 2, 2019
PubMed
Summary

Fungal pathogens like Candida albicans and Cryptococcus neoformans sense nutrients and stress to cause disease. Understanding these fungal sensing mechanisms is key for developing new antifungal therapies.

Keywords:
G protein-coupled receptorMep2Torfungal pathogennutrient sensingstress responsetransceptoryeast

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Area of Science:

  • Microbiology
  • Mycology
  • Pathogenesis

Background:

  • Fungal species inhabit diverse environments and possess conserved sensing mechanisms for adaptation.
  • Sensing extracellular signals, including nutrients and stress, is crucial for pathogenic fungi to thrive in host environments.
  • Understanding these sensing pathways is vital for developing novel antifungal strategies.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review and compare how pathogenic yeasts (Candida albicans, Cryptococcus neoformans) and a model yeast (Saccharomyces cerevisiae) sense nutrients and stress.
  • To detail the molecular interactions between extracellular signals and sensory systems in these yeasts.
  • To discuss the implications of studying nutrient and stress-sensing systems for antifungal drug development.

Main Methods:

  • Comparative review of existing scientific literature.
  • Detailed description of molecular mechanisms of signal sensing.
  • Analysis of regulatory roles in morphogenesis and pathogenicity.

Main Results:

  • Pathogenic yeasts utilize conserved nutrient and stress-sensing pathways for adaptation and virulence.
  • Specific molecular interactions governing signal perception in Candida albicans and Cryptococcus neoformans are elucidated.
  • Comparative analysis highlights differences and similarities with Saccharomyces cerevisiae.

Conclusions:

  • Fungal nutrient and stress-sensing pathways are critical for pathogenesis.
  • Targeting these sensing systems offers a promising avenue for novel antifungal drug discovery.
  • Further research into these mechanisms can lead to effective treatments for fungal infections.