Related Experiment Video
Updated: Jan 27, 2026
08:39
Operant Sensation Seeking in the Mouse
Published on: November 10, 2010
13.5K
Nightstick Fractures, Outcomes of Operative and Non-Operative Treatment
Mohammed Ali1, D I Clark2, Amole Tambe2
1Royal Derby Hospital, Derby, United Kingdom. mohammedkhider84@hotmail.com.
Acta Medica (Hradec Kralove)
|April 2, 2019
Summary
Open reduction and internal fixation yield satisfactory outcomes for nightstick fractures. Treatment decisions for moderately displaced ulnar shaft fractures should be individualized, considering patient factors.
Area of Science:
- Orthopedic Surgery
- Traumatology
Background:
- A nightstick fracture is defined as an isolated fracture of the ulnar shaft.
- Treatment decisions, particularly for moderately displaced fractures, remain controversial.
- This study reports clinical experience with nightstick fractures.
Purpose of the Study:
- To evaluate and compare operative versus non-operative treatment for nightstick fractures.
- Assess outcomes based on radiographic healing, range of motion, and complications.
Main Methods:
- Retrospective review of 52 patients with isolated ulnar shaft fractures.
- Analysis of clinical notes, physiotherapy records, and radiographs.
- Outcome measures included radiographic healing, range of motion, and complications.
Main Results:
- Forty-two patients underwent open reduction and internal fixation (ORIF); ten were treated non-operatively.
- ORIF group: 40 patients had good outcomes with no complications.
- Non-operative group: 50% failure rate.
- Mean follow-up was 32 months.
Conclusions:
- Open reduction and internal fixation generally lead to satisfactory outcomes for nightstick fractures.
- Fractures with less than 50% displacement require individualized treatment plans.
- Consider patient age, functional status, comorbidities, and associated injuries in treatment decisions.
Related Concept Videos
01:17Operational Amplifiers
1.9K
The operational amplifier, often referred to as an op-amp, is a multifaceted building block of a circuit. This electronic component functions like a voltage-controlled voltage source and can also be used to create a voltage- or current-controlled current source. The design of an operational amplifier enables it to execute mathematical operations when external components like resistors and capacitors are linked to its terminals. An op-amp has the capacity to sum signals, amplify a signal,...
1.9K
01:20Vector Operations
2.2K
Vectors are physical quantities that have both magnitude and direction. The vector operations include addition, subtraction, and scalar multiplication.
A vector multiplied by a scalar value is called scalar multiplication. The result obtained is a new vector with a different magnitude. If the scalar is positive, the direction of the vector remains the same, but if it is negative, the direction of the vector is reversed. For example, the product of the mass and velocity yields the momentum.
A vector multiplied by a scalar value is called scalar multiplication. The result obtained is a new vector with a different magnitude. If the scalar is positive, the direction of the vector remains the same, but if it is negative, the direction of the vector is reversed. For example, the product of the mass and velocity yields the momentum.
2.2K
01:21Operant Conditioning
2.8K
Operant conditioning, a key concept in behavioral psychology, involves using reinforcement and punishment to alter the likelihood of a behavior being repeated. B.F. introduced this type of conditioning. Skinner focused on voluntary behaviors and the consequences that follow them, influencing whether these behaviors will be strengthened or diminished.
Reinforcement in operant conditioning can be positive or negative, both of which serve to increase the likelihood of a behavior. Positive...
Reinforcement in operant conditioning can be positive or negative, both of which serve to increase the likelihood of a behavior. Positive...
2.8K
01:21Modes of Operations of BJT
2.0K
A Bipolar Junction Transistor (BJT) is a versatile component in electronics, functioning in four distinct modes based on the biasing of its junctions: active, saturation, cut-off, and inverted modes.
Active Mode: The most common mode for amplification, the active mode features a forward-biased emitter-base junction and a reverse-biased base-collector junction. This setup enables electrons to be injected from the emitter to the base while blocking the majority carriers at the collector. The...
Active Mode: The most common mode for amplification, the active mode features a forward-biased emitter-base junction and a reverse-biased base-collector junction. This setup enables electrons to be injected from the emitter to the base while blocking the majority carriers at the collector. The...
2.0K
01:22Second Derivatives and Laplace Operator
2.6K
The first order operators using the del operator include the gradient, divergence and curl. Certain combinations of first order operators on a scalar or vector function yield second order expressions. Second-order expressions play a very important role in mathematics and physics. Some second order expressions include the divergence and curl of a gradient function, the divergence and curl of a curl function, and the gradient of a divergence function.
Consider a scalar function. The curl of its...
Consider a scalar function. The curl of its...
2.6K
01:22Basic Operations on Signals
1.1K
Basic signal operations include time reversal, time scaling, time shifting, and amplitude transformations. These operations are fundamental in signal processing and analysis.
Time Reversal mirrors a continuous-time signal about the vertical axis at t=0. This is achieved by substituting t with −t. For example, if a signal x(t) is considered, the time-reversed signal is x(−t). This operation can be graphically represented, showing the mirrored signal.
Time Reversal mirrors a continuous-time signal about the vertical axis at t=0. This is achieved by substituting t with −t. For example, if a signal x(t) is considered, the time-reversed signal is x(−t). This operation can be graphically represented, showing the mirrored signal.
1.1K