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Related Concept Videos

Pulse01:16

Pulse

2.0K
When the heart pumps blood out, arterial elastic fibers play a crucial role in sustaining a high-pressure gradient. They expand to accommodate the received blood and then recoil - a process known as the pulse that can be either manually palpated or electronically quantified. Despite a reduction in its effect with increased distance from the heart, elements of the pulse's systolic and diastolic components persist, observable even at the arteriole level.
The pulse serves as a clinical...
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Pulse01:05

Pulse

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The pulse is one of the most fundamental physiological indicators of the body's cardiovascular health. It is the rhythmic expansion and contraction of the arterial walls in response to the pressure generated by the heart's pumping action.
Pulse Rate and its Significance
Pulse rate, often measured in beats per minute (bpm), reflects the heart rate (HR), which is influenced by numerous factors such as stress, physical activity, and hormonal changes. A normal resting adult pulse rate falls...
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Frequency-dependent Selection01:21

Frequency-dependent Selection

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When the fitness of a trait is influenced by how common it is (i.e., its frequency) relative to different traits within a population, this is referred to as frequency-dependent selection. Frequency-dependent selection may occur between species or within a single species. This type of selection can either be positive—with more common phenotypes having higher fitness—or negative, with rarer phenotypes conferring increased fitness.
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NMR Spectrometers: Radiofrequency Pulses and Pulse Sequences01:17

NMR Spectrometers: Radiofrequency Pulses and Pulse Sequences

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A pulse is a short burst of radio waves distributed over a range of frequencies that simultaneously excites all the nuclei in the sample. Upon passing a radio frequency pulse along the x-axis, the nuclei absorb energy corresponding to their Larmor frequencies and achieve resonance. This shifts the net magnetization vector from the z-axis toward the transverse plane. This angle of rotation of the magnetization vector, or the flip angle, is proportional to the duration and intensity of the pulse.
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Pulse Oximetry01:24

Pulse Oximetry

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Pulse oximetry, or SpO2, is a non-invasive method for continuously monitoring arterial oxygen saturation (SaO2). This procedure involves attaching a probe or sensor to the patient's fingertip, forehead, earlobe, or nose bridge. The sensor works by detecting changes in oxygen saturation levels through light signals generated by the oximeter and reflected by the pulsing blood under the probe.
Purpose
Average SpO2 values are greater than 95%. If the readings fall below 90%, it indicates that...
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Regulation of Pulse01:20

Regulation of Pulse

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Pulse regulation involves physiological mechanisms that ensure adequate blood flow throughout the body. The heartbeat, regulated by the autonomic nervous system, is influenced by hormonal balance, physical activity, and emotional state.
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jan 27, 2026

Measurement of Coherence Decay in GaMnAs Using Femtosecond Four-wave Mixing
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Measurement of Coherence Decay in GaMnAs Using Femtosecond Four-wave Mixing

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Femtosecond Raman frequency shifter-pulse compressor.

A V Konyashchenko, L L Losev, V S Pazyuk

    Optics Letters
    |April 2, 2019
    PubMed
    Summary

    Researchers used a double-pulse pumping scheme to convert ytterbium laser radiation into the first Stokes component via stimulated Raman scattering (SRS) in hydrogen. This resulted in a compressed 35 fs Stokes pulse, demonstrating efficient nonlinear frequency conversion and pulse compression.

    Area of Science:

    • Nonlinear Optics
    • Quantum Electronics
    • Laser Physics

    Background:

    • Stimulated Raman scattering (SRS) is a key nonlinear optical process for frequency conversion.
    • Ultrafast lasers enable precise control over light-matter interactions.
    • Hydrogen gas is an effective Raman medium for generating specific wavelengths.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To achieve efficient frequency conversion of ytterbium laser radiation.
    • To investigate the use of a double-pulse pumping scheme for SRS.
    • To compress the generated Stokes pulse for ultrafast applications.

    Main Methods:

    • Utilized a double-pulse pumping scheme with a 270 fs ytterbium laser.
    • Employed stimulated Raman scattering in hydrogen gas.

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  • Observed nonlinear phase modulation of laser and Stokes waves.
  • Compressed the spectrally broadened Stokes pulse using fused silica.

    • Main Results:

    • Successfully converted laser radiation to the first Stokes component at 1.8 μm.
    • Observed simultaneous nonlinear phase modulation of laser and Stokes waves.
    • Achieved compression of the chirped Stokes pulse to 35 fs.

    Conclusions:

    • The double-pulse pumping scheme is effective for SRS-based frequency conversion.
    • Nonlinear phase modulation is an inherent process during SRS.
    • Efficient pulse compression of SRS-generated pulses is achievable for ultrafast science.