Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

First Pass Effect01:12

First Pass Effect

9.2K
Presystemic elimination, or the first-pass effect, is the metabolism of drugs that reduces their effective concentration at the site of action. Apart from the first-pass effect, the systemic bioavailability of the drug is also reduced by other factors, including incomplete absorption or chemical degradation of drugs.
Depending on the route of administration, drugs can be metabolized in the liver, intestine, lungs, and vasculature. Orally administered drugs are first absorbed through the...
9.2K
The Sense of Self: Reflected Self-Appraisal and Social Comparison02:57

The Sense of Self: Reflected Self-Appraisal and Social Comparison

55.6K
According to Charles Cooley, we base our image on what we think other people see (Cooley 1902). We imagine how we must appear to others, then react to this speculation. We don certain clothes, prepare our hair in a particular manner, wear makeup, use cologne, and the like—all with the notion that our presentation of ourselves is going to affect how others perceive us. We expect a certain reaction, and, if lucky, we get the one we desire and feel good about it. But more than that, Cooley...
55.6K
Single-pass Transmembrane Proteins01:25

Single-pass Transmembrane Proteins

6.5K
Integral membrane proteins are tightly associated with the cell membrane and play a crucial role in cell communication, signaling, adhesion, and transport of the molecules. Some integral membrane proteins are present only in the membrane monolayer. For example, the enzyme fatty acid amide hydrolase is present in the cytoplasmic side of the membrane monolayer. In contrast, another type of integral membrane protein, also known as a transmembrane protein, spans across the membrane. Transmembrane...
6.5K
Factors Influencing Bioavailability: First-Pass Elimination01:23

Factors Influencing Bioavailability: First-Pass Elimination

8.1K
When a drug is taken orally, it undergoes a journey starting from the gastrointestinal (GI) tract, passing through the portal vein, reaching the liver, and finally entering the systemic circulation. This process involves the absorption of the drug across the GI tract. The liver is the primary site for metabolizing the drug, with some metabolism also occurring in the gut wall. This journey significantly reduces the quantity of the drug that reaches the systemic circulation, a phenomenon known as...
8.1K
Insertion of Single-pass Transmembrane Proteins in the RER01:26

Insertion of Single-pass Transmembrane Proteins in the RER

16.9K
Integral membrane proteins are proteins adhered to the lipid bilayer of a cell organelle or membrane. They can be of two types: transmembrane integral proteins that span the lipid bilayer and monotopic proteins that are attached to either side of the membrane but do not pass through it.
Integral transmembrane proteins possess transmembrane and extra membrane domains. The transmembrane domains are primarily made of 20-25 hydrophobic amino acids arranged in a helical secondary confirmation. These...
16.9K
Insertion of Multi-pass Transmembrane Proteins in the RER01:29

Insertion of Multi-pass Transmembrane Proteins in the RER

17.9K
The rough ER membrane synthesizes, assembles, and embeds transmembrane proteins in diverse topologies. These proteins function as transporters or channels and can remain in the ER membrane or are sent to the Golgi complex, lysosome, and cell membrane.
The multipass transmembrane proteins are the type IV integral membrane proteins with multiple topogenic sequences determining their spatial arrangement in the ER membrane. Nearly all multipass proteins lack a cleavable signal sequence and use...
17.9K

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

Systemic mycobacteriosis caused by <i>Mycobacterium avium</i> subspecies <i>hominissuis</i> in a sheep.

Journal of veterinary diagnostic investigation : official publication of the American Association of Veterinary Laboratory Diagnosticians, Inc·2026
Same author

Repositionable Aortic Endograft Limb Twisting and Thrombosis.

Journal of vascular surgery·2026
Same author

Structure and receptor recognition of type-II feline infectious peritonitis virus spike glycoprotein.

The EMBO journal·2026
Same author

Data-driven methods allow prediction of utility of DNA rework.

Forensic science international. Genetics·2026
Same author

Off‑the‑shelf, engineered non-living stem cell strategy for advancing cellular therapies.

Nature biomedical engineering·2026
Same author

Localizing the Glycan Binding Sites of SARS-CoV-2 Receptor-Binding Domain.

Analytical chemistry·2026

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jan 27, 2026

Microwave Photonics Systems Based on Whispering-gallery-mode Resonators
12:18

Microwave Photonics Systems Based on Whispering-gallery-mode Resonators

Published on: August 5, 2013

17.5K

Double-pass microwave photonic sensing system based on low-coherence interferometry.

Liwei Li, Xiaoke Yi, Suen Xin Chew

    Optics Letters
    |April 2, 2019
    PubMed
    Summary
    This summary is machine-generated.

    We developed a novel microwave photonic sensing system using a reflective double-pass spectrum-slicing technique. This method enhances power and doubles efficiency for high-resolution sensing applications.

    More Related Videos

    Using Microwave and Macroscopic Samples of Dielectric Solids to Study the Photonic Properties of Disordered Photonic Bandgap Materials
    10:35

    Using Microwave and Macroscopic Samples of Dielectric Solids to Study the Photonic Properties of Disordered Photonic Bandgap Materials

    Published on: September 26, 2014

    12.7K
    A Photonic System for Generating Unconditional Polarization-Entangled Photons Based on Multiple Quantum Interference
    07:56

    A Photonic System for Generating Unconditional Polarization-Entangled Photons Based on Multiple Quantum Interference

    Published on: September 5, 2019

    8.9K

    Related Experiment Videos

    Last Updated: Jan 27, 2026

    Microwave Photonics Systems Based on Whispering-gallery-mode Resonators
    12:18

    Microwave Photonics Systems Based on Whispering-gallery-mode Resonators

    Published on: August 5, 2013

    17.5K
    Using Microwave and Macroscopic Samples of Dielectric Solids to Study the Photonic Properties of Disordered Photonic Bandgap Materials
    10:35

    Using Microwave and Macroscopic Samples of Dielectric Solids to Study the Photonic Properties of Disordered Photonic Bandgap Materials

    Published on: September 26, 2014

    12.7K
    A Photonic System for Generating Unconditional Polarization-Entangled Photons Based on Multiple Quantum Interference
    07:56

    A Photonic System for Generating Unconditional Polarization-Entangled Photons Based on Multiple Quantum Interference

    Published on: September 5, 2019

    8.9K

    Area of Science:

    • Photonics
    • Microwave Photonics
    • Optical Sensing

    Background:

    • Low-coherence interferometry is crucial for optical sensing.
    • Spectrum-slicing techniques offer potential for high-resolution measurements.
    • Existing systems face limitations in power and efficiency.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To propose and demonstrate a novel high-performance microwave photonic sensing system.
    • To enhance output power and conversion efficiency.
    • To achieve high resolution in sensing applications.

    Main Methods:

    • Utilizing a reflective double-pass spectrum-slicing sensing scheme.
    • Employing low-coherence interferometry with a dispersive medium.
    • Leveraging a semiconductor optical amplifier (SOA) for broad spectrum bandwidth.

    Main Results:

    • Achieved a significant 12 dB increase in output power.
    • Doubled the conversion efficiency between optical path difference and RF resonance shift.
    • Demonstrated a highly linear relationship for displacement sensing with a conversion slope of 5.56 GHz/mm.
    • Obtained a resolution of approximately 124 μm.

    Conclusions:

    • The proposed system offers enhanced performance for microwave photonic sensing.
    • The double-pass scheme effectively compensates for optical loss and improves efficiency.
    • The SOA-based approach enables potential for fully integrated sensing systems.