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    Area of Science:

    • Physics and Engineering
    • Optical Sensing Technologies
    • Acoustic Signal Processing

    Background:

    • Distributed Acoustic Sensing (DAS) leverages Rayleigh backscattering for vibration and sound measurement along optical fibers.
    • Current DAS implementations are limited to one-dimensional localization along the fiber's axial space.
    • There is a need for advanced DAS capabilities to localize acoustic sources in two and three dimensions.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To demonstrate a novel DAS system capable of two-dimensional (2D) and three-dimensional (3D) acoustic source localization in air.
    • To explore the application of array signal processing for spatial correlation analysis of DAS data.
    • To expand the application scope of DAS beyond linear measurements.

    Main Methods:

    • Utilized array signal processing techniques to analyze spatial correlations in optical fiber measurements.
    • Developed and tested a DAS system for acoustic source localization.
    • Investigated performance with narrowband signal sources and multi-target scenarios.

    Main Results:

    • Successfully demonstrated 2D acoustic source localization for multiple targets with a single frequency.
    • Achieved 3D position localization for a moving narrowband acoustic source.
    • Validated the potential for accurate source identification and location.

    Conclusions:

    • The developed DAS system effectively achieves 2D and 3D acoustic source localization in air.
    • This new method significantly enhances the capabilities of DAS technology.
    • Opens new application areas for DAS in locating and identifying static, dynamic, and multiple acoustic targets in various environments.