Influence of drugs on the prospective diagnostic method for coronary heart disease with urine

The morbidity of coronary heart disease (CHD) with high risks has been rising in recent years. A novel and noninvasive method based on surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy (SERS) was proposed by Yang et al. (Analyst 143: 2235, 2018) to prospectively diagnose the arterial blockage by detecting platelet-derived growth factor-BB (PDGF-BB) in urine. Clinically, anti-platelet drugs (such as aspirin, statins and clopidogrel) are often used for ordinary CHD patients or patients with percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI). Therefore, whether the previous developed method can be applied to the CHD patients on long-term medication (more than 6 months) or post-PCI patients was investigated here. Firstly, urine samples of 13 CHD patients on long-term medication (aspirin, rosuvastatin, clopidogrel bisulfate) and 13 post-PCI patients were measured by the proposed method. Clinical data of coronary angiography results provided by Xin Hua Hospital and Yangpu District Central Hospital Antu Branch revealed that these 26 patients were with serious arterial blockage, however, characteristic Raman peak at 1509 cm^-1 attributed to PDGF-BB was not observed in the SERS spectra of these 26 patients. In addition, an eight-day follow-up investigation was performed on a CHD patient with PCI three years ago and on long-term medication. It was found that the Raman peak at 1509 cm^-1 could be only observed in the third and fourth day after suspending the drugs. Furthermore, SERS spectra of mixed solutions of PDGF-BB and aspirin, rosuvastatin, mixed solutions of these two drugs and clopidogrel bisulfate were analyzed. The Raman peak at 1509 cm^-1 was not found in all these spectra, it indicated that all the three kinds of drugs could influence on the SERS signal of PDGF-BB. Therefore, the previous developed method is not suitable for CHD patients on long-term medication and post-PCI patients.