Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Hardy-Weinberg Principle01:49

Hardy-Weinberg Principle

76.1K
Diploid organisms have two alleles of each gene, one from each parent, in their somatic cells. Therefore, each individual contributes two alleles to the gene pool of the population. The gene pool of a population is the sum of every allele of all genes within that population and has some degree of variation. Genetic variation is typically expressed as a relative frequency, which is the percentage of the total population that has a given allele, genotype or phenotype.
76.1K
The Uncertainty Principle04:08

The Uncertainty Principle

31.5K
Werner Heisenberg considered the limits of how accurately one can measure properties of an electron or other microscopic particles. He determined that there is a fundamental limit to how accurately one can measure both a particle’s position and its momentum simultaneously. The more accurate the measurement of the momentum of a particle is known, the less accurate the position at that time is known and vice versa. This is what is now called the Heisenberg uncertainty principle. He...
31.5K
The Pauli Exclusion Principle03:06

The Pauli Exclusion Principle

59.1K
The arrangement of electrons in the orbitals of an atom is called its electron configuration. We describe an electron configuration with a symbol that contains three pieces of information:
59.1K
Le Chatelier's Principle: Changing Concentration02:27

Le Chatelier's Principle: Changing Concentration

65.4K
A system at equilibrium is in a state of dynamic balance, with forward and reverse reactions taking place at equal rates. If an equilibrium system is subjected to a change in conditions that affects these reaction rates differently (a stress), then the rates are no longer equal and the system is not at equilibrium. The system will subsequently experience a net reaction in the direction of a greater rate (a shift) that will re-establish the equilibrium. This phenomenon is summarized by Le...
65.4K
The Aufbau Principle and Hund's Rule03:02

The Aufbau Principle and Hund's Rule

72.5K
To determine the electron configuration for any particular atom, we can build the structures in the order of atomic numbers. Beginning with hydrogen, and continuing across the periods of the periodic table, we add one proton at a time to the nucleus and one electron to the proper subshell until we have described the electron configurations of all the elements. This procedure is called the aufbau principle, from the German word aufbau (“to build up”). Each added electron occupies the...
72.5K
Dimensional Analysis03:40

Dimensional Analysis

60.9K
Dimensional analysis, also known as the factor label method, is a versatile approach for mathematical operations. The main principle behind this approach is: the units of quantities must be subjected to the same mathematical operations as their associated numbers. This method can be applied to computations ranging from simple unit conversions to more complex and multi-step calculations involving several different quantities and their units.
Conversion Factors and Dimensional Analysis
The unit...
60.9K

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

[Pathogenesis of infections--a complex interplay between microbes and the immune defence].

Tidsskrift for den Norske laegeforening : tidsskrift for praktisk medicin, ny raekke·1995
Same author

[New immunopathogenetic aspects of infectious diseases].

Tidsskrift for den Norske laegeforening : tidsskrift for praktisk medicin, ny raekke·1995
Same author

[Maternal serum markers of fetal trisomy 21].

Presse medicale (Paris, France : 1983)·1995
Same author

Comparative studies on check-bite and central-bearing-point method for the remounting of complete dentures.

Journal of oral rehabilitation·1995
Same author

A 240 kDa protein represents the complete beta subunit of the cyclic nucleotide-gated channel from rod photoreceptor.

Neuron·1995
Same author

[Possibilities and limits of a new color technique: ultrasound angiography--results of the "Heidelberg Round Table Discussion"].

Bildgebung = Imaging·1995
Same journal

Erratum: Low-dimensional model for adaptive networks of spiking neurons [Phys. Rev. E 111, 014422 (2025)].

Physical review. E·2026
Same journal

Disentangling the effects of many-body forces on depletion interactions.

Physical review. E·2026
Same journal

Charge transport and mode transition in dual-energy electron beam diodes.

Physical review. E·2026
Same journal

Optimization of multisite reactions in complex compartmentalized media.

Physical review. E·2026
Same journal

Origin of geometric cohesion in nonconvex granular materials: Interplay between interdigitation and rotational constraints enhancing frictional stability.

Physical review. E·2026
Same journal

Interaction of walkers with a standing Faraday wave.

Physical review. E·2026
See all related articles

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jan 27, 2026

A Standardized Obstacle Course for Assessment of Visual Function in Ultra Low Vision and Artificial Vision
09:29

A Standardized Obstacle Course for Assessment of Visual Function in Ultra Low Vision and Artificial Vision

Published on: February 11, 2014

13.5K

Minimum enstrophy principle for two-dimensional inviscid flows around obstacles.

F Muller1, A Burbeau1, B-J Gréa2

  • 1CEA Saclay, DEN, DM2S/STMF, F-91191 Gif/Yvette, France.

Physical Review. E
|April 3, 2019
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Statistical physics methods predict large-scale flow structures by minimizing enstrophy. Incorporating solid obstacles enhances solution possibilities, explaining flow recombinations in rod-bundle experiments.

More Related Videos

Probe Type II Band Alignment in One-Dimensional Van Der Waals Heterostructures Using First-Principles Calculations
13:56

Probe Type II Band Alignment in One-Dimensional Van Der Waals Heterostructures Using First-Principles Calculations

Published on: October 12, 2019

8.1K
Reversible Cooling-induced Deactivations to Study Cortical Contributions to Obstacle Memory in the Walking Cat
09:43

Reversible Cooling-induced Deactivations to Study Cortical Contributions to Obstacle Memory in the Walking Cat

Published on: December 11, 2017

7.3K

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Jan 27, 2026

A Standardized Obstacle Course for Assessment of Visual Function in Ultra Low Vision and Artificial Vision
09:29

A Standardized Obstacle Course for Assessment of Visual Function in Ultra Low Vision and Artificial Vision

Published on: February 11, 2014

13.5K
Probe Type II Band Alignment in One-Dimensional Van Der Waals Heterostructures Using First-Principles Calculations
13:56

Probe Type II Band Alignment in One-Dimensional Van Der Waals Heterostructures Using First-Principles Calculations

Published on: October 12, 2019

8.1K
Reversible Cooling-induced Deactivations to Study Cortical Contributions to Obstacle Memory in the Walking Cat
09:43

Reversible Cooling-induced Deactivations to Study Cortical Contributions to Obstacle Memory in the Walking Cat

Published on: December 11, 2017

7.3K

Area of Science:

  • Fluid dynamics
  • Statistical physics
  • Computational physics

Background:

  • Large-scale coherent structures in 2D flows are often predicted using statistical physics methods.
  • These methods typically involve minimizing global enstrophy while conserving energy and circulation within the Euler equations.
  • Solid obstacles within the flow domain necessitate extensions to these principles.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To detail an extended variational formulation for predicting flow structures in the presence of solid obstacles.
  • To present the numerical resolution of this extended formulation.
  • To investigate the impact of complex geometries with multiple obstacles on flow behavior.

Main Methods:

  • Development of an extended variational formulation based on a minimum enstrophy principle.
  • Numerical resolution of the proposed variational formulation.
  • Application of the method to complex geometries featuring multiple circular obstacles.

Main Results:

  • The extended formulation successfully predicts large-scale coherent structures in flows with obstacles.
  • Complex geometries with multiple obstacles significantly enhance the number of possible solutions.
  • The method reveals numerous bifurcation possibilities for large-scale flow structures.

Conclusions:

  • The enhanced variational formulation provides a robust framework for analyzing flows with obstacles.
  • The increased solution multiplicity and bifurcations offer insights into complex flow phenomena.
  • Phase change phenomena observed in simulations can explain downstream flow recombinations in rod-bundle experiments.