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On the Process and Product Fingerprints for Electro Sinter Forging (ESF)

Emanuele Cannella^1,2, Chris Valentin Nielsen³, Niels Bay⁴

¹Department of Mechanical Engineering, Technical University of Denmark, DK-2800 Kongens Lyngby, Denmark. emcann@mek.dtu.dk.

|April 3, 2019

Summary

Electro sinter forging (ESF) optimizes titanium properties using electrical current. Key parameters like current density and time influence density, microstructure, and mechanical strength, serving as product fingerprints.

Area of Science:

Materials Science
Manufacturing Engineering

Background:

Electro sinter forging (ESF) is an advanced manufacturing technique utilizing high electrical currents.
It falls under electrical current assisted sintering (ECAS) processes, relying on internal Joule heating of compacted powders.

Purpose of the Study:

To optimize the electro sinter forging process for commercially pure titanium.
To analyze the influence of key process parameters on material properties and their validity as product fingerprints.

Main Methods:

Investigated the effects of electrical current density, sintering time, and compaction pressure on titanium powder.
Manufactured small discs and rings for testing.
Evaluated relative density, microstructures, hardness, and tensile/compressive strengths.

Main Results:

Process parameters were optimized, yielding predictable material properties.
Microstructural analysis distinguished between sintering and melting.
Mechanical properties correlated with process parameters, showing similar trends across different sample shapes.

Conclusions:

Electrical current density, sintering time, and compaction pressure are critical process fingerprints for ESF.
These parameters effectively control titanium's density, microstructure, and mechanical performance.
ESF is a viable method for producing titanium components with tailored properties.

Keywords:

Electro sinter forging electrical current fingerprints resistance sintering

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