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P Charlier1, S Deo2

  • 1Section of Medical Anthropology (UVSQ, EA4498, Dante Laboratory), UFR of Health Sciences, 2, avenue de la Source-de-la-Bièvre, 78180 Montigny-Le-Bretonneux, France; CASH & IPES, 403, avenue de la République, 92000 Nanterre, France.

L'Encephale
|April 3, 2019
PubMed
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Paleo-psychiatry reconstructs psychiatric history through art. Analyzing medieval and modern artistic works offers insights into past mental health conditions, particularly schizophrenia.

Area of Science:

  • Psychiatry
  • Art History
  • Medical History

Background:

  • Understanding the history of functional psychiatric disorders is challenging due to their nature.
  • Unlike infectious diseases or tumors, their progression is not easily tracked.
  • Artistic creations offer a unique window into the past pathological context of mental illness.

Observation:

  • This study examines four historical examples: Opicinus de Canistris (14th c.), the Voynich manuscript (15th c.), Hieronymus Bosch (15th-16th c.), and the Codex Seraphinianus (20th c.).
  • These diverse artistic productions span different eras and mediums.
  • Each case provides a unique dataset for retrospective analysis.

Findings:

  • Retrospective analysis of artistic works can reconstruct aspects of psychiatric history.
Keywords:
Diagnostic rétrospectif historiqueHistorical retrospective diagnosis

Related Experiment Videos

  • Specific examples demonstrate the potential of 'paleo-psychiatry' in understanding historical mental health.
  • Artistic output can serve as a proxy for documenting psychological states and disorders.

    • Implications:

    • This methodology, paleo-psychiatry, offers a novel approach to studying the history of mental disorders.
    • It highlights the value of interdisciplinary approaches, combining art analysis with psychiatric history.
    • Further research can refine these techniques for broader application in historical psychopathology.