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Related Concept Videos

The Thyroid Gland01:23

The Thyroid Gland

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The thyroid gland is a small, butterfly-shaped gland located in the neck and covers the anterior surface of the trachea. The gland has two lateral lobes connected by a thin tissue mass called the isthmus. Internally, each lobe comprises many small spherical structures known as thyroid follicles, surrounded by a network of blood vessels.
The follicles have a central cavity lined by simple cuboidal to squamous epithelial cells called follicular cells. These cells produce the glycoprotein...
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Association areas are regions of the cerebral cortex that do not have a specific sensory or motor function. Instead, they integrate and interpret information from various sources to enable higher cognitive processes such as memory, learning, and decision-making. Some key association areas include the following:
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Associative learning is a fundamental concept in behavioral psychology, wherein a connection is established between two stimuli or events, leading to a learned response. This process is critical in understanding how behaviors are acquired and modified. Conditioning, the mechanism through which associations are formed, can be divided into two main types: classical conditioning and operant conditioning, each elucidating different aspects of associative learning.
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The thyroid hormone (TH) plays a pivotal role in the intricate orchestration of physiological processes, exerting profound effects on development, metabolism, and homeostasis throughout different life stages.
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Reporting and recording are crucial in data documentation. The timely, thorough, and accurate documentation of facts is essential when recording patient data. Failure to record findings during an assessment or interpretation of a problem will result in loss of information and make the patient document unreliable. The reader is left with general impressions if the information is not specific. A recording is documenting data of the individual's health information in a traceable, secure, and...
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A hand-off report, also known as a change-of-shift report, is a crucial nursing process that ensures the smooth transition of patient care responsibilities between nursing staff.
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jan 27, 2026

A Personalized 3D-Printed Model for Preoperative Evaluation in Thyroid Surgery
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Stroke in Association with Thyroid Goitre: A Case Report.

Linford Fernandes1, Ahamad Hassan1

  • 1Department of Neurology, Leeds Teaching Hospitals NHS Trust, LS1 3EX, United Kingdom.

Journal of Stroke and Cerebrovascular Diseases : the Official Journal of National Stroke Association
|April 3, 2019
PubMed
Summary

A rare case of ischemic stroke caused by internal carotid artery thrombus occurred in a patient without traditional risk factors. Mediastinal imaging revealed a retrosternal goiter causing artery displacement and thrombus formation, leading to the stroke.

Keywords:
Internal carotid artery thrombosisThromboembolic strokeThyroid goitre

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Area of Science:

  • Neurology
  • Vascular Surgery
  • Endocrinology

Background:

  • Ischemic stroke typically arises from atherosclerosis or cardioembolism.
  • Cerebrovascular disease without identifiable risk factors is unusual.
  • Internal carotid artery thrombus is an uncommon cause of ischemic stroke.

Observation:

  • A 55-year-old woman presented with acute right middle cerebral artery infarction.
  • No cerebrovascular disease risk factors were identified.
  • Mediastinal imaging revealed a large retrosternal goitre compressing major neck arteries.

Findings:

  • The goitre displaced the brachiocephalic and common carotid arteries.
  • Intraluminal thrombus was identified within the displaced innominate artery.
  • This thrombus was the direct cause of the patient's ischaemic stroke.

Implications:

  • This case underscores the need for comprehensive mediastinal evaluation in patients with thyroid goitre.
  • Unusual anatomical compression by goitres can lead to cerebrovascular events.
  • Highlights the importance of considering non-traditional causes of stroke.