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Sex differences in lower extremity coordinative variability during running.

J J Hannigan1, Li-Shan Chou2

  • 1College of Public Health and Human Sciences, Program in Kinesiology, Oregon State University-Cascades, Bend, OR, USA.

Gait & Posture
|April 3, 2019
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Female runners exhibit lower coordinative variability in pelvis-thigh and thigh-shank movements during running stance phases compared to males. This difference may offer insights into sex-based injury risks, particularly for patellofemoral pain.

Keywords:
Continuous relative phaseHipInjury implicationsKnee

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Area of Science:

  • Biomechanics
  • Human Movement Science
  • Sports Medicine

Background:

  • Coordinative variability differs between healthy and injured runners.
  • Running injuries, such as patellofemoral pain (PFP), disproportionately affect females.
  • Limited research exists on sex-based differences in running coordinative variability.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate sex differences in continuous relative phase (CRP) variability.
  • To examine pelvis-thigh and thigh-shank couplings during the stance phase of running.

Main Methods:

  • Collected 3D kinematic data of pelvis, thigh, and shank segments from 15 female and 15 male runners.
  • Recorded overground running at self-selected paces using a 10-camera motion capture system.
  • Calculated CRP variability for pelvis-thigh and thigh-shank couplings across four stance sub-phases, comparing sexes using a mixed effects linear model.

Main Results:

  • Females showed significantly lower pelvis-thigh CRP variability in the transverse plane during loading response compared to males.
  • Females exhibited significantly lower thigh-shank CRP variability in the sagittal plane during loading response and pre-swing phases.
  • These findings indicate sex-based differences in joint coupling variability during running.

Conclusions:

  • Reduced coordinative variability in females during specific running phases may contribute to the observed sex bias in certain running-related injuries.
  • Further research is needed to confirm injury implications, as current findings are speculative.
  • Understanding sex differences in running mechanics is crucial for injury prevention strategies.