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Vaccinia Virus Infection & Temporal Analysis of Virus Gene Expression: Part 1
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Foodborne Viruses: Their Importance and Need for Research 1
John H Blackwell1, Dean O Cliver1, J J Callis1
1Eastern Regional Research Center, ARS, USDA, 600 East Mermaid Lane, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19118.
Journal of Food Protection
|April 4, 2019
Summary
Foodborne viruses like hepatitis A and Norwalk virus pose risks, often spreading through contaminated food and water. Improved detection methods and research into viral survival in animal products are crucial for public health and trade safety.
Area of Science:
- Food safety and virology
- Public health and epidemiology
- Veterinary public health
Background:
- Human enteric viruses, such as hepatitis A and Norwalk-like viruses, are significant foodborne pathogens.
- Contamination typically occurs via infected food handlers or fecal-polluted water.
- Viruses in food are rarely inactivated by standard heating processes.
Purpose of the Study:
- To review the survival of foodborne viruses, including those affecting animal health.
- To highlight the need for enhanced detection methods for human enteric viruses in food.
- To discuss research approaches for mitigating viral contamination in animal products.
Main Methods:
- Review of existing literature on foodborne virus transmission and survival.
- Analysis of outbreaks linked to hepatitis A and Norwalk-like viruses.
- Examination of viral agents affecting animal health, such as foot-and-mouth disease virus.
Main Results:
- Human enteric viruses are the primary concern for foodborne transmission and human health.
- Limited heating is generally insufficient to inactivate these viruses in food.
- International trade in animal products can introduce animal diseases, necessitating viral control strategies.
Conclusions:
- There is a critical need for improved detection methods for hepatitis A and Norwalk viruses in food.
- Further research is essential to understand and control the survival of foodborne viruses in animal products.
- Comprehensive research on foodborne viruses is vital for safeguarding public health and international trade.
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