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Spatial reciprocity in the evolution of cooperation.

Qi Su^1,2, Aming Li^1,3,4, Long Wang¹

¹1 Center for Systems and Control, College of Engineering, Peking University , Beijing 100871 , People's Republic of China.

Proceedings. Biological Sciences

|April 4, 2019

Summary

Spatial structure significantly impacts cooperation evolution. Cooperation thrives when interaction partners are also role models, promoting spatial reciprocity. Asymmetric structures can enhance cooperation in biological systems.

Keywords:

assortment evolution of cooperation evolutionary game theory population structure spatial reciprocity

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Area of Science:

Evolutionary Biology
Game Theory
Spatial Ecology

Background:

Cooperation is essential for biological systems.
Spatial structure influences interactions and trait acquisition.
Predicting cooperation evolution under spatial constraints is challenging.

Purpose of the Study:

To develop an analytical formula predicting when natural selection favors cooperation based on spatial structure.
To quantify the effect of spatial structure on cooperation using a single parameter.
To understand the conditions under which spatial structure promotes or inhibits cooperation.

Main Methods:

Analytical modeling to derive a formula for cooperation evolution.
Analysis of the relationship between interaction partners and role models in spatial structures.
Examination of the impact of interaction frequency with role models.

Main Results:

A spatial structure promotes cooperation (spatial reciprocity) when interaction partners overlap with role models.
Spatial structure inhibits cooperation if interaction partners do not overlap with role models, even without inherent cooperation dilemmas.
Increased interaction frequency between individuals and their role models strengthens reciprocity.

Conclusions:

Spatial structure is a critical factor in the evolution of cooperation.
Overlapping interaction partners and role models is key for spatial reciprocity.
Asymmetric spatial structures and imitation of frequently interacting individuals can facilitate cooperation.