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Related Concept Videos

Translation01:31

Translation

156.0K
Lesson: Translation
Translation is the process of synthesizing proteins from the genetic information carried by messenger RNA (mRNA). Following transcription, it constitutes the final step in the expression of genes. This process is carried out by ribosomes, complexes of protein and specialized RNA molecules. Ribosomes, transfer RNA (tRNA), and other proteins produce a chain of amino acids—the polypeptide—as the end product of translation.
Translation Produces the Building Blocks of...
156.0K
Translation01:31

Translation

17.7K
Translation is the process of synthesizing proteins from the genetic information carried by messenger RNA (mRNA). Following transcription, it constitutes the final step in the expression of genes. This process is carried out by ribosomes, complexes of protein and specialized RNA molecules. Ribosomes, transfer RNA (tRNA), and other proteins produce a chain of amino acids—the polypeptide—as the end product of translation.
Translation Produces the Building Blocks of Life
Proteins are...
17.7K
Initiation of Translation02:33

Initiation of Translation

38.5K
Initiating translation is complex because it involves multiple molecules. Initiator tRNA, ribosomal subunits, and eukaryotic initiation factors (eIFs) are all required to assemble on the initiation codon of mRNA. This process consists of several steps that are mediated by different eIFs.
First, the initiator tRNA must be selected from the pool of elongator tRNAs by eukaryotic initiation factor 2 (eIF2). The initiator tRNA (Met-tRNAi) has conserved sequence elements including modified bases at...
38.5K
Termination of Translation01:44

Termination of Translation

27.5K
The large ribosomal subunit has several important structures essential to translation. These include the peptidyl transferase center (PTC) - which is the site where the peptide bond is formed - and a large, internal, water-filled tube through which the nascent polypeptide moves. This latter structure is called the Peptide Exit Tunnel, and it begins at the PTC and spans the body of the large ribosomal subunit. During translation, as the nascent polypeptide chain is synthesized, it passes through...
27.5K
Termination of Translation01:44

Termination of Translation

6.6K
6.6K
Improving Translational Accuracy02:07

Improving Translational Accuracy

14.1K
Base complementarity between the three base pairs of mRNA codon and the tRNA anticodon is not a failsafe mechanism. Inaccuracies can range from a single mismatch to no correct base pairing at all. The free energy difference between the correct and nearly correct base pairs can be as small as 3 kcal/ mol. With complementarity being the only proofreading step, the estimated error frequency would be one wrong amino acid in every 100 amino acids incorporated. However, error frequencies observed in...
14.1K

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Generation of Comprehensive Thoracic Oncology Database - Tool for Translational Research
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Query Translation Between openEHR and i2b2.

Georg Fette1, Mathias Kaspar2, Leon Liman1

  • 1University of Würzburg, Chair of Computer Science 6.

Studies in Health Technology and Informatics
|April 4, 2019
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Connecting data warehouses (DW) for clinical research is hindered by different technologies and data models. This study presents a query translation method between openEHR and i2b2 DW systems, proving feasible for compatible queries.

Keywords:
Clinical data warehousei2b2openEHRquery

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Area of Science:

  • Health Informatics
  • Clinical Research Informatics
  • Data Warehousing

Background:

  • Secondary use of electronic health records (EHRs) via data warehouses (DWs) supports clinical research.
  • Connecting institutional DWs into research networks increases patient data volume.
  • Syntactical and data model differences between DW technologies are key obstacles.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To address interoperability challenges in connecting disparate DW systems for research networks.
  • To present a query translation approach between openEHR and i2b2 DW systems.

Main Methods:

  • Developed a query translation mechanism between openEHR and i2b2 DW query languages.
  • Focused on queries expressible in both systems' query languages.

Main Results:

  • Demonstrated the feasibility of translating queries between openEHR and i2b2.
  • The approach successfully handles syntactical and data model differences for a subset of queries.

Conclusions:

  • Query translation is a viable method for enabling interoperability between different DW systems in research networks.
  • This approach facilitates data sharing and enhances the scope of clinical research by connecting diverse data sources.