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O-serotypes of Pseudomonas aeruginosa from animal and inanimate sources in Saudi Arabia
Abstract:
A total of 1012 samples were examined for Pseudomonas aeruginosa and 257 (25.4%) were positive. The incidence of Ps. aeruginosa in samples collected from animal sources (N = 730) was significantly higher (28.7%) than that in 282 samples of inanimate sources (16.7%). The percentage of samples infected with these organisms was lowest in poultry feed (2.8%) and highest in sewage effluent (57.1%). Nine serotypes were defined from all sources. P5 was the common predominant individual O type in infected chicken navels and in the nasal cavities of Najdi sheep (a Saudi Arabian sheep breed), while P3 and P6 were predominate in the nasal cavities of Somali sheep (a breed imported from Somalia). No Ps. aeruginosa serotype was predominant in sheep faeces. In inanimate sources, P4 was predominant in water and sewage effluent. The isolate from the animal feed was untypeable. In using the slide agglutination technique for serotyping, most of the unusual agglutination reaction types of Ps. aeruginosa (70%) were of strains isolated from Somali sheep.
Insights
Pseudomonas aeruginosa was found in 25.4% of 1012 samples, with higher incidence in animal sources. Serotype P4 predominated in water and sewage, while P5 and P3/P6 were common in specific sheep breeds.
Area of Science:
- Microbiology
- Veterinary Science
- Environmental Science
Background:
- Pseudomonas aeruginosa is an opportunistic pathogen with a wide environmental distribution.
- Understanding its prevalence and serotype distribution in various sources is crucial for public health and animal welfare.
Purpose of the Study:
- To determine the prevalence and serotype distribution of Pseudomonas aeruginosa in animal and inanimate sources.
- To identify predominant serotypes in different sample types.
Main Methods:
- A total of 1012 samples were analyzed for the presence of Pseudomonas aeruginosa.
- Serotyping was performed using the slide agglutination technique.
- Samples included animal sources (e.g., chicken navels, sheep nasal cavities/faeces) and inanimate sources (e.g., water, sewage effluent, poultry feed).
Main Results:
- Overall, 25.4% of samples were positive for Pseudomonas aeruginosa.
- Incidence was higher in animal sources (28.7%) compared to inanimate sources (16.7%).
- Poultry feed had the lowest infection rate (2.8%), while sewage effluent had the highest (57.1%).
- Nine serotypes were identified. P5 predominated in chicken navels and Najdi sheep nasal cavities.
- P3 and P6 were predominant in Somali sheep nasal cavities. P4 was predominant in water and sewage effluent.
- 70% of unusual agglutination reactions were from Somali sheep isolates.
Conclusions:
- Pseudomonas aeruginosa is prevalent in both animal and inanimate environments, with varying rates depending on the source.
- Specific serotypes show distinct associations with particular animal breeds and environmental niches.
- Further investigation into the unusual agglutination reactions in Somali sheep may reveal novel serological characteristics.