Particle Mold Synthesis of Block Copolymer Janus Nanomaterials

A particle mold synthesis of 2D Janus nanomaterials is proposed by crosslinking of copolymer self-assembled monolayers confined within the mold domains. Onto the silica (SiO₂ ) particle surface, mold domains with functional groups such as imidazole are generated. The model copolymer of polyacrylic acid-block-polystyrene (PAA-b-PS) can be preferentially absorbed onto the domains via electrostatic interactions, forming a self-assembled monolayer. In a cosolvent such as tetrahydrofuran (THF), the crosslinking occurs within the whole of the PAA side. A Janus disc is thus achieved after detachment from the particle upon breaking the specific interaction. In a poor solvent, the crosslinking slowly occurs from the periphery, giving Janus nanorings. The rings evolve into discs with further crosslinking. The mold particles can be recycled to synthesize the same 2D Janus materials.