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Saccadic suppression measured by steady-state visual evoked potentials.

Jing Chen1, Matteo Valsecchi2, Karl R Gegenfurtner2

  • 1School of Psychology, Shanghai University of Sport , Shanghai , China.

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|April 4, 2019
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Saccadic eye movements significantly reduce visual sensitivity by 57% in humans. This study used steady-state visually evoked potentials (SSVEPs) to reveal neural correlates of this saccadic suppression in the early visual cortex.

Keywords:
SSVEPperception and actionsaccadic eye movementssaccadic suppressionspectrum analysis

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Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Visual Perception
  • Human Electrophysiology

Background:

  • Saccadic eye movements cause severe visual impairment, a phenomenon well-studied in humans and primates.
  • However, a detailed physiological characterization of this visual suppression in humans remains less established.
  • Previous studies utilized psychophysics, single-neuron recordings, fMRI, and EEG, but lacked fine temporal resolution during saccades.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the impact of saccadic eye movements on visual sensitivity in humans.
  • To characterize the physiological neural correlates of saccadic suppression using electroencephalography (EEG).
  • To leverage steady-state visually evoked potentials (SSVEPs) for high temporal resolution analysis of visual processing during saccades.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized steady-state visually evoked potentials (SSVEPs), an EEG-based measure of visual cortex activity.
  • Participants performed horizontal saccades while viewing flickering visual stimuli (5-30 Hz).
  • Analyzed EEG data from saccade epochs and adjacent fixation epochs for SSVEP amplitude changes.

Main Results:

  • Saccade epochs exhibited a broadband EEG power increase, likely due to saccade-related activity.
  • A significant average reduction of 57% in SSVEP amplitude was observed during saccades compared to fixations.
  • No evidence for postsaccadic enhancement was detected, despite the method's capability to identify it.

Conclusions:

  • SSVEP is a valuable technique for studying the temporal dynamics of visual perception during human saccadic eye movements.
  • The findings provide physiological evidence for active saccadic suppression in the human early visual cortex.
  • The study highlights the utility of SSVEPs for high-temporal-resolution investigation of visual processing modulations during natural behaviors.