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Childhood multiple sclerosis is associated with reduced brain volumes at first clinical presentation and brain growth

Frederik Bartels1, Katharina Nobis2, Graham Cooper3

  • 1Department of Neurology, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany/ Berlin School of Mind and Brain, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Berlin, Germany.

Multiple Sclerosis (Houndmills, Basingstoke, England)
|April 5, 2019
PubMed

Insights

Brain volume loss in paediatric multiple sclerosis (pedMS) is evident at initial diagnosis and worsens over two years. This brain atrophy correlates with disease activity, suggesting MRI volume changes as a potential outcome measure.

Area of Science:

  • Neurology
  • Radiology
  • Paediatric Medicine

Background:

  • Paediatric multiple sclerosis (pedMS) is associated with reduced brain volumes and impaired brain growth.
  • The exact timing of brain volume loss onset in pedMS is not well understood.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To longitudinally investigate brain volumes in a multi-centre European cohort of pedMS patients.
  • To assess brain volume changes at first presentation and after a 2-year follow-up period.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized high-resolution MRI data from 37 pedMS patients at initial presentation and 2-year follow-up.
  • Compared patient MRI data with matched longitudinal data from the NIH Paediatric MRI Data Repository.

Main Results:

  • PedMS patients exhibited reduced whole brain, grey matter, and white matter volumes, with increased ventricular volumes compared to controls at both time points.
  • Over two years, patients showed significant reductions in whole brain and white matter volumes and increased ventricular volume.
  • Brain volume loss at follow-up correlated with infratentorial lesions, relapses, and higher EDSS scores.

Conclusions:

  • Brain volume loss in pedMS is present at initial clinical presentation and accelerates over two years.
  • Increased disease activity is linked to more severe brain volume loss.
  • MRI-based brain volume changes may serve as a valuable outcome parameter in future pedMS studies.
Abstract

Keywords:
Paediatric multiple sclerosisbrain growthdisease-modifying therapiesmagnetic resonance volumetry

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