Multimodal Neurological Enhancement Intervention for Self-regulation in Premature Infants
Andrea M Cevasco-Trotter1, Ellyn L Hamm, Xin Yang
1Music Therapy, School of Music, College of Arts and Sciences, The University of Alabama, Tuscaloosa (Dr Cevasco-Trotter); Department of Music Therapy, College of Music, Florida State University, Tallahassee (Ms Hamm); and Department of Information Systems, Statistics, and Management Science, Culverhouse College of Commerce and Business Administration, The University of Alabama, Tuscaloosa, AL (Drs Yang and Parton).
Insights
Multimodal Neurological Enhancement (MMNE) music therapy may improve self-regulation in premature infants. This intervention reduced heart rates during and after sessions, particularly for infants with high baseline heart rates.
Area of Science:
- Neonatal care
- Developmental neuroscience
- Music therapy
Background:
- Neonatal intensive care units (NICUs) are overstimulating environments that can disrupt infant regulation and caregiver bonding.
- Early interventions like multimodal neurological enhancement (MMNE) offer neurodevelopmental stimulation.
- The effect of MMNE on infant self-regulation has not been previously studied.
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate the impact of a music therapy intervention, MMNE, on the self-regulation of premature infants.
- To measure the effect of MMNE on premature infants' heart rate (HR) changes.
Main Methods:
- A retrospective longitudinal analysis was conducted.
- Sixty premature infants received 486 MMNE sessions from a music therapist.
- Infant HRs were recorded at baseline, during, and after 20-minute MMNE sessions.
Main Results:
- Mean infant heart rates significantly decreased during and after MMNE sessions compared to baseline (P < .004 and P < .001).
- Premature infants with baseline HRs above 170 bpm showed significant HR reductions during and post-intervention (P < .001).
Conclusions:
- Findings support existing evidence on the benefits of MMNE for premature infants.
- MMNE may aid in the development and demonstration of self-regulation in premature infants, indicated by heart rate stabilization.
- Further research is needed on infant processing of MMNE and its role in sensory processing.
Background:
The neonatal intensive care unit is often a noisy, overstimulating environment that disrupts infants' regulation of physiological and behavioral states and interrupts caregiver bonding; however, infants benefit from early intervention, including the use of multimodal neurological enhancement (MMNE) intervention to provide appropriate neurodevelopmental stimulation. No one has investigated whether it assists infants in self-regulation.
Purpose:
The purpose of this retrospective longitudinal analysis was to examine the effect of a music therapy intervention, MMNE, on self-regulation of premature infants as measured by changes in heart rate (HR).
Methods:
A convenience sample of 60 premature infants received 486 MMNE sessions provided by a board-certified music therapist (MT-BC). Documentation, taken during routine clinical services, involved recording infant's HRs from the standard monitor for 3 minutes at baseline, during, and after a 20-minute MMNE intervention.
Results:
Infants' mean HRs were decreased during and post-MMNE sessions compared with baseline (P < .004 and P < .001, respectively). Furthermore, infants with a baseline HR above 170 had significant decreases both during and after the MMNE session (P < .001 for both time periods).
Implications For Practice:
Results of this study support the existing body of evidence showing the benefits of MMNE with premature infants. Based on our results, MMNE may help infants develop and demonstrate self-regulation as indicated by maintained HRs during and after the intervention as well as a lowered HR for infants who had high HRs prior to MMNE.
Implications For Research:
Further research needs to be done regarding how infants process MMNE and its potential to aid sensory processing.
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