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Updated: Jan 26, 2026

Measuring Deformability and Red Cell Heterogeneity in Blood by Ektacytometry
Published on: January 12, 2018
Emtricitabine-associated red cell aplasia
Karen Cohen1, Charle Viljoen2, Christine Njuguna1
1Division of Clinical Pharmacology.
Abstract:
: Emtricitabine is structurally similar to lamivudine, which has been associated with red cell aplasia. We describe four patients with severe anaemia presenting soon after starting emtricitabine-containing antiretroviral therapy. Bone marrow biopsy in three patients confirmed red cell aplasia. Anaemia resolved after emtricitabine withdrawal in three patients, one patient died, and anaemia recurred on rechallenge in one patient whose anaemia persisted on lamivudine, resolving when this was stopped, suggesting a possible cross-reaction between lamivudine and emtricitabine.
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