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Object recognition in acquired and developmental prosopagnosia.

Jason J S Barton1, Andrea Albonico1, Tirta Susilo2

  • 1a Departments of Medicine (Neurology), Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, Psychology , University of British Columbia , Vancouver , Canada.

Cognitive Neuropsychology
|April 6, 2019
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Summary

This study investigated face and object recognition in prosopagnosia. While some individuals showed intact object recognition, most, especially those with acquired prosopagnosia, exhibited deficits, indicating a potential dissociation.

Keywords:
Object memorycarsfaceobject expertise

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Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Cognitive Psychology
  • Neurology

Background:

  • The dissociation between face and object recognition in prosopagnosia remains debated.
  • Prior studies have limitations in providing conclusive evidence for this dissociation.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate object recognition abilities in acquired and developmental prosopagnosia.
  • To address limitations of previous studies using a comprehensive test battery.
  • To evaluate residual object expertise effects in prosopagnosia.

Main Methods:

  • Studied 15 acquired and 12 developmental prosopagnosia cases.
  • Administered the Old/New Tests, Cambridge Bicycle Memory Test, and Expertise-adjusted Test of Car Recognition.
  • Assessed object recognition and expertise effects.

Main Results:

  • Most developmental prosopagnosia subjects performed normally on Old/New Tests.
  • Acquired prosopagnosia subjects with occipitotemporal lesions showed impairments; anterior temporal lesions did not.
  • A dissociation between face and object recognition was observed in 10 subjects.
  • Both groups showed reduced, yet evident, car recognition expertise.

Conclusions:

  • While some individuals with prosopagnosia demonstrate intact object recognition, the majority exhibit deficits, particularly in acquired forms.
  • Evidence for a dissociation between face and object recognition is present but not universal.
  • Both acquired and developmental prosopagnosia involve reduced object expertise effects.