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Quantitative changes in morphological parameters in the developing visual cortex of the marmoset monkey.

J M Fritschy, L J Garey

    Brain Research
    |October 1, 1986
    PubMed
    Summary
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    Postnatal development in marmoset monkeys shows area 17 volume and thickness increase rapidly, then decrease to adult levels. Neuronal numbers remain constant, while glial cells double in the first month.

    Area of Science:

    • Neuroscience
    • Developmental Biology
    • Primate Morphology

    Background:

    • Understanding brain development is crucial for neuroscience.
    • Area 17 (visual cortex) undergoes significant postnatal changes.
    • Marmoset monkeys (Callithrix jacchus) serve as a valuable model for primate brain development.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To quantitatively analyze postnatal morphological development in the marmoset monkey's area 17.
    • To track changes in area 17's thickness, surface area, and volume.
    • To investigate neuronal and glial cell numerical densities and total numbers during development.

    Main Methods:

    • Quantitative morphological analysis of area 17 in 14 marmoset monkeys.
    • Measurements taken across various postnatal ages, from birth to adulthood.

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  • Assessment of thickness, surface area, volume, neuronal density, glial density, and total cell counts.

    • Main Results:

    • Area 17 exhibits a rapid increase in thickness, area, and volume peaking between 6 weeks and 6 months, followed by a decrease to adult levels.
    • Neuronal density inversely correlates with volume changes, resulting in a stable total neuron count (approx. 38 million per hemisphere).
    • Glial cell numbers double within the first postnatal month, stabilizing thereafter, leading to a 1:2 neuron-to-glial cell ratio in adults.

    Conclusions:

    • Area 17 development in marmosets involves a transient 'overshoot' in size, particularly in specific cortical layers.
    • The total number of neurons is established early and remains constant, while glial populations expand significantly postnatally.
    • Morphological development patterns and adult cell densities in marmoset area 17 are comparable to those in Old World monkeys.