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Using Health Chatbots for Behavior Change: A Mapping Study.

Juanan Pereira1, Óscar Díaz2

  • 1ONEKIN Research Group, University of the Basque Country, UPV/EHU, Leioa, Spain.

Journal of Medical Systems
|April 6, 2019
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Health chatbots primarily target nutritional and neurological disorders, focusing on emotional competence and personalization. Further research is needed on sociological impacts.

Keywords:
ChatbotsInstant messagingMobile healthcareSoftware agents

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Area of Science:

  • Digital Health
  • Human-Computer Interaction
  • Health Informatics

Background:

  • Chatbots are increasingly utilized in healthcare for behavior change.
  • Understanding the current landscape of health chatbots is crucial for future development.
  • Existing research lacks a comprehensive overview of chatbot applications in health.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To map the domain of health chatbots by investigating targeted illnesses, patient competences, and technical enablers.
  • To provide an overview of chatbot-mediated behavior change in the health domain.
  • To identify key trends and gaps in health chatbot research.

Main Methods:

  • A mapping study was conducted, analyzing 30 articles published between 2014 and 2018.
  • Qualitative analysis was employed to extract triplets from selected articles.
  • The study focused on identifying prevalent themes in health chatbot applications.

Main Results:

  • Nutritional and neurological disorders are the primary illness areas addressed by health chatbots.
  • "Affect" (emotional competence) is the most targeted human competence for behavior change.
  • "Personalization" and "consumability" are the most valued technical enablers in health chatbots.

Conclusions:

  • Health chatbots show significant potential in addressing specific health conditions, particularly nutritional and neurological disorders.
  • Focusing on emotional engagement and user-friendly technical features can enhance chatbot effectiveness.
  • Limitations include inconsistent reporting practices and a need for deeper exploration of societal implications.