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Related Concept Videos

Hydrogen Bonds00:26

Hydrogen Bonds

132.0K
Hydrogen bonds are weak attractions between atoms that have formed other chemical bonds. One of these atoms is electronegative, like oxygen, and has a partial negative charge. The other is a hydrogen atom that has bonded with another electronegative atom and has a partial positive charge.
Hydrogen Bonds Control the World!
Because hydrogen has very weak electronegativity when it binds with a strongly electronegative atom, such as oxygen or nitrogen, electrons in the bond are unequally shared....
132.0K
Hydrogen Bonds01:04

Hydrogen Bonds

13.6K
A hydrogen bond is formed when a weakly positive hydrogen atom already bonded to one electronegative atom (for example, the oxygen in the water molecule) is attracted to another electronegative atom from another polar molecule, such as water (H2O), hydrogen fluoride (HF), or ammonia (NH3). The huge electronegativity difference between the H atom (2.1) and the atom to which it is bonded (4.0 for an F atom, 3.5 for an O atom, or 3.0 for an N atom), combined with the very small size of an H atom...
13.6K
Spin–Spin Coupling: Two-Bond Coupling (Geminal Coupling)01:20

Spin–Spin Coupling: Two-Bond Coupling (Geminal Coupling)

1.6K
Two NMR-active nuclei bonded to a central atom can be involved in geminal or two-bond coupling. Geminal coupling is commonly seen between diastereotopic protons in chiral molecules and unsymmetrical alkenes, among others.
The central atom need not be NMR-active because its electrons are affected by the electron polarization of the spin-active atoms. However, spin information is transmitted less effectively than in one-bond coupling, and 2J values are usually weaker than 1J values. The energy of...
1.6K
Spin–Spin Coupling: Three-Bond Coupling (Vicinal Coupling)01:22

Spin–Spin Coupling: Three-Bond Coupling (Vicinal Coupling)

1.5K
Vicinal or three-bond coupling is commonly observed between protons attached to adjacent carbons. Here, nuclear spin information is primarily transferred via electron spin interactions between adjacent C‑H bond orbitals. This generally favors the antiparallel arrangement of spins, so 3J values are usually positive.
The extent of coupling depends on the C‑C bond length, the two H‑C‑C angles, any electron-withdrawing substituents, and the dihedral angle between the involved orbitals. The...
1.5K
G-protein Coupled Receptors01:21

G-protein Coupled Receptors

131.7K
G-protein coupled receptors are ligand binding receptors that indirectly affect changes in the cell. The actual receptor is a single polypeptide that transverses the cell membrane seven times creating intracellular and extracellular loops. The extracellular loops create a ligand specific pocket which binds to neurotransmitters or hormones. The intracellular loops holds onto the G-protein.
131.7K
Spin–Spin Coupling: One-Bond Coupling01:17

Spin–Spin Coupling: One-Bond Coupling

1.5K
Coupling interactions are strongest between NMR-active nuclei bonded to each other, where spin information can be transmitted directly through the pair of bonding electrons. While nuclei polarize their electrons to the opposite spins, the bonding electron pair has opposite spins. Configurations with antiparallel nuclear spins are expected to be lower in energy. When coupling makes antiparallel states more favorable, J is considered to have a positive value. The one-bond coupling constant, 1J,...
1.5K

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jan 26, 2026

Synthesis and Catalytic Performance of Gold Intercalated in the Walls of Mesoporous Silica
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Synthesis and Catalytic Performance of Gold Intercalated in the Walls of Mesoporous Silica

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Realizing Magnetoelectric Coupling with Hydrogen Intercalation.

J Y Ni1, P S Wang1, J L Lu1

  • 1Key Laboratory of Computational Physical Sciences (Ministry of Education), State Key Laboratory of Surface Physics, and Department of Physics, Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, People's Republic of China and Collaborative Innovation Center of Advanced Microstructures, Nanjing 210093, People's Republic of China.

Physical Review Letters
|April 6, 2019
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Researchers developed a new room temperature multiferroic material by intercalating hydrogen into SrCoO_{2.5}. This breakthrough offers simultaneous control over magnetic and electric properties, paving the way for advanced magnetoelectric devices.

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Area of Science:

  • Condensed Matter Physics
  • Materials Science
  • Solid State Chemistry

Background:

  • Multiferroic materials exhibiting coexisting magnetic and ferroelectric orders enable electric field control of magnetism.
  • A room temperature multiferroic with strong magnetoelectric coupling remains a significant challenge in materials science.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To explore hydrogen intercalation in antiferromagnetic transition-metal oxides as a strategy for realizing room temperature multiferroics.
  • To investigate the magnetoelectric properties of hydrogen-intercalated brownmillerite SrCoO_{2.5}.

Main Methods:

  • Hydrogen intercalation into brownmillerite SrCoO_{2.5}.
  • Characterization of magnetic and electric properties of the modified material.

Main Results:

  • Hydrogen-intercalated SrCoO_{2.5} exhibits strong ferrimagnetism and significant electric polarization.
  • The hydroxide group introduced by intercalation acts as a control knob for simultaneous manipulation of magnetization and polarization at room temperature.

Conclusions:

  • Hydrogen intercalation is a viable and promising method for designing novel multiferroic materials with strong magnetoelectric coupling.
  • This approach is expected to be generalizable for the development of future magnetoelectric and spintronic functional materials.