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Human polymorphonuclear leukocytes aminopeptidases.

L Vitale, M Grdisa, M Wrischer

    Folia Histochemica Et Cytobiologica
    |January 1, 1986
    PubMed
    Summary

    Human polymorphonuclear leukocytes contain various aminopeptidase activities in both cytosol and granules. These enzymes, sensitive to EDTA, exhibit distinct properties and locations within the cell.

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    Area of Science:

    • Biochemistry
    • Cell Biology
    • Enzymology

    Background:

    • Polymorphonuclear leukocytes (PMNs) are crucial immune cells.
    • Aminopeptidases play roles in cellular processes.
    • Understanding enzyme localization and activity in PMNs is important for immunology.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To characterize aminopeptidase activities in human polymorphonuclear leukocytes.
    • To determine the cellular localization (cytosol vs. granules) of these enzymes.
    • To investigate the biochemical properties, including substrate specificity and optimal conditions.

    Main Methods:

    • Enzyme assays on human polymorphonuclear leukocyte extracts.
    • Differential centrifugation to separate cytosol and secondary granules.
    • Analysis of enzyme activity under varying pH and in the presence of EDTA and chloride.
    • Isoelectric focusing (pI) to distinguish different enzyme forms.

    Main Results:

    • Methionine, leucine, arginine, phenylalanine, and alanine aminopeptidase activities were detected.
    • All detected activities were sensitive to EDTA, indicating metalloenzyme involvement.
    • pH optima ranged from 6.5 to 8.6.
    • Cytosolic enzymes included a broad specificity aminopeptidase and a chloride-dependent arginine aminopeptidase.
    • Granular enzymes differed from cytosolic ones, with distinct isoelectric points (pI 4.0-4.6 and pI 9.8-10.2).

    Conclusions:

    • Human polymorphonuclear leukocytes possess multiple aminopeptidases.
    • These enzymes are differentially localized in the cytosol and secondary granules.
    • The distinct properties of these enzymes suggest specialized roles in leukocyte function.

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