The effects of IFITM1 and IFITM3 gene deletion on IFNγ stimulated protein synthesis

Maria Gómez-Herranz1, Marta Nekulova2, Jakub Faktor2

  • 1University of Edinburgh, Institute of Genetics and Molecular Medicine, Edinburgh EH4 2XR, United Kingdom.

Cellular Signalling
|April 6, 2019
PubMed

Insights

Interferon-induced transmembrane proteins IFITM1/3 are linked to cancer progression. Lower IFITM1/3 expression in cervical cancer correlates with metastasis, potentially due to reduced MHC Class I expression and immune escape.

Area of Science:

  • Immunology
  • Oncology
  • Virology

Background:

  • Interferon-induced transmembrane proteins IFITM1 and IFITM3 (IFITM1/3) are implicated in RNA viral restriction and human cancer progression.
  • Previous studies suggest a role for IFITM1/3 in various cancers, but their specific function in cervical cancer metastasis remains unclear.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the role of IFITM1/3 in cervical cancer metastasis.
  • To identify molecular pathways regulated by IFITM1/3 signaling in cervical cancer cells.

Main Methods:

  • Immunohistochemical staining of FFPE cervical cancer tissues.
  • Development of an IFITM1/IFITM3 double-null cervical cancer model using CRISPR-Cas9.
  • Quantitative proteomic analyses including pulse SILAC, SWATH-IP mass spectrometry, and SWATH-MS.
  • Proximity ligation assays and cell surface expression analysis.

Main Results:

  • IFITM1/3 protein expression was inversely related to metastasis in cervical cancer subgroups.
  • Absence of IFITM1/3 attenuated IFNγ-inducible protein synthesis, notably IRF1, HLA-B, and ISG15.
  • IFITM1/3 proteins were found to co-associate with ISG15 and HLA-B, and interact with HLA-B.
  • Cell surface expression of HLA-B and ISG15ylation were reduced in IFITM1/3-deficient cells.
  • IFITM1 knockdown attenuated interferon-regulated proteins, including MHC Class I molecules.

Conclusions:

  • IFITM1/3 proteins play a significant role in regulating IFNγ-stimulated protein synthesis, including ISG15ylation and MHC Class I production in cancer cells.
  • Attenuated expression of MHC Class I molecules in IFITM1/3-negative cervical cancers may promote metastatic growth by impairing tumor immune escape.

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