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Gaze behavior and cognitive states during fingerprint target group localization
R Austin Hicklin1, Bradford T Ulery1, Thomas A Busey2
1Noblis, 2002 Edmund Halley Drive, Reston, VA, 20191, USA.
Cognitive Research: Principles and Implications
|April 7, 2019
Summary
Visual context significantly impacts latent print examiners' eye behavior during fingerprint comparison. Providing context drastically reduces search time and errors, improving accuracy in identifying corresponding fingerprint features.
Area of Science:
- Forensic Science
- Cognitive Psychology
- Human Factors
Background:
- Latent print examination involves comparing distinctive features between two prints.
- Expert examiners typically search for a "target group" of features in one print within another.
- Understanding the cognitive processes during comparison is crucial for improving accuracy.
Purpose of the Study:
- To analyze latent print examiner behavior using eye-tracking data.
- To investigate the effect of visual context on "find the target" tasks in fingerprint comparison.
- To assess how image quality and context influence examiner performance and eye movements.
Main Methods:
- Utilized eye-tracking to record examiner behavior on a "find the target" task.
- Presented target groups on latent/plain exemplars and cropped images to vary context.
- Recorded time to locate targets, areas viewed, and fixation patterns.
- Analyzed 675 trials from 117 participants.
Main Results:
- Visual context significantly affected areas viewed and comparison time; latent vs. plain exemplar differences were minor.
- Examiners repeatedly fixated between images, indicating working memory limitations.
- With context, target localization was rapid (median <0.3s); without context, it was significantly slower (median 1.9s).
- Localization errors occurred, with examiners sometimes comparing incorrect but similar features.
Conclusions:
- Visual context is a critical factor influencing latent print examiner eye behavior.
- Localization errors highlight potential error sources in real-world comparisons.
- Developed analytic methods can model complex behaviors in actual fingerprint comparisons.
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