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The role of objective tests to support a diagnosis of asthma in children

Lesley Danvers1, David K H Lo2, Erol A Gaillard2

  • 1Leicester Children's Hospital, University Hospitals of Leicester, Leicester Royal Infirmary, Leicester LE1 5WW, UK; Paediatric Clinical Investigation Centre, Leicester National Institute for Health Research Biomedical Research Centre (Respiratory theme), University of Leicester, Leicester Royal Infirmary, Leicester LE2 7LX, UK.

Paediatric Respiratory Reviews
|April 8, 2019
PubMed

Insights

Diagnosing childhood asthma often relies on symptoms, leading to frequent misdiagnosis. New guidelines recommend tests like spirometry to improve accuracy, better manage asthma, and reduce healthcare costs.

Area of Science:

  • Pediatrics
  • Respiratory Medicine
  • Clinical Diagnostics

Background:

  • Childhood asthma diagnosis frequently relies on parental symptom reporting, leading to common misdiagnosis (over- and under-diagnosis).
  • Current diagnostic practices for pediatric asthma can be challenging and inconsistent across healthcare settings.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To evaluate the impact of recommended diagnostic algorithms and tests for childhood asthma.
  • To highlight the potential of objective diagnostic tools to improve asthma diagnosis and management in children.

Main Methods:

  • Review of recent UK National Institute of Health and Care Excellence guidelines for asthma diagnosis.
  • Focus on recommended first-line diagnostic tests: spirometry, bronchodilator reversibility, and fractional exhaled nitric oxide testing.
  • Application of diagnostic algorithms for children aged five years and older.

Main Results:

  • Clinical diagnosis based on symptoms is common but prone to error.
  • Recommended diagnostic tests offer objective measures to confirm asthma.
  • Implementation of guidelines and tests can standardize diagnosis.

Conclusions:

  • Objective diagnostic testing is crucial for accurate childhood asthma diagnosis.
  • Adoption of recommended guidelines and tests can reduce misdiagnosis rates.
  • Improved diagnosis has the potential to enhance asthma management and decrease healthcare expenditure.

Keywords:
AsthmaChildDiagnosisFeNOSpirometryWheeze

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