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Dacryocystography: From theory to current practice.

Swati Singh¹, Mohammad Javed Ali², Friedrich Paulsen¹

¹Institute of Clinical and Functional Anatomy, Friedrich-Alexander University of Erlangen-Nürnberg, Germany.

Annals of Anatomy = Anatomischer Anzeiger : Official Organ of the Anatomische Gesellschaft

|April 8, 2019

Summary

This summary is machine-generated.

Dacryocystography (DCG) techniques, including digital subtraction, CT, and MR, aid in evaluating lacrimal drainage system obstructions and tumors. Advanced methods offer improved visualization but detailed canaliculi imaging requires further research.

Keywords:

CT-DCG Dacryocystography Epiphora Lacrimal MR dacryocystography MR-DCG Subtraction dacryocystography

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Area of Science:

Ophthalmology
Radiology
Medical Imaging

Background:

The lacrimal drainage system (LDS) evaluation is crucial for diagnosing various ocular conditions.
Dacryocystography (DCG) has historically been used to visualize the LDS.

Purpose of the Study:

To review and update the current relevance of dacryocystography (DCG) and its variations.
To analyze indications, techniques, interpretations, complications, and limitations of different DCG modalities.

Main Methods:

A PubMed search was conducted for English articles on DCG, digital subtraction-DCG (DS-DCG), computed tomographic DCG (CT-DCG), and magnetic resonance-DCG (MR-DCG).
Data on indications, techniques, interpretations, complications, and limitations were analyzed.

Main Results:

DCG illustrates morphological and functional aspects of the LDS, with subtraction techniques precisely locating obstructions.
CT-DCG is valuable for orbitofacial trauma and tumors; MR-DCG offers superior 3D visualization and dynamic evaluation.
CT-DCG and MR-DCG show similar sensitivity in identifying LDS obstructions, with normal saline yielding comparable MR-DCG image quality to gadolinium.

Conclusions:

Various DCG forms provide valuable information for maxillo-facial trauma, epiphora, and suspected lacrimal sac tumors.
Detailed visualization of canaliculi and the membranous nasolacrimal duct remains a challenge, necessitating further research with advanced techniques.