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Measuring Adolescent HIV Self-management: An Instrument Development Study.

Talitha Crowley1, Anita Van der Merwe2, Martin Kidd3

  • 1Department of Nursing and Midwifery, Stellenbosch University, Cape Town, South Africa. tcrowley@sun.ac.za.

AIDS and Behavior
|April 8, 2019
PubMed
Summary

This study developed and validated a new scale to measure HIV self-management in adolescents. The scale demonstrated good reliability and validity, showing that higher self-management correlates with better health outcomes.

Keywords:
AdolescentsHIVInstrument developmentSelf-management

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Area of Science:

  • Adolescent Health
  • Public Health
  • Psychometrics

Background:

  • Adolescent HIV self-management is under-researched.
  • A validated instrument is needed to measure this construct.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To develop and validate an instrument to measure adolescent HIV self-management.
  • To assess the psychometric properties of the developed scale.

Main Methods:

  • Mixed-method explorative sequential design.
  • Phased approach: interviews, focus groups, item development, cognitive interviewing, expert review, pilot testing, and psychometric evaluation.
  • Involved adolescents (13-18), caregivers, healthcare workers, and a large psychometric evaluation sample (n=385).

Main Results:

  • A 35-item scale with five components was developed.
  • The scale demonstrated acceptable reliability (0.84) and stability (0.76).
  • Factor analysis supported structural validity, and higher self-management was linked to better health outcomes, supporting criterion and convergent validity.

Conclusions:

  • The developed scale is a reliable and valid instrument for measuring adolescent HIV self-management.
  • The findings support the importance of self-management for improved health outcomes in adolescents living with HIV.