Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Pulmonary Hypertension: Classification and Pathogenesis01:30

Pulmonary Hypertension: Classification and Pathogenesis

604
Pulmonary hypertension (PH) is a severe health condition in which the mean pulmonary arterial pressure increases to 25 mmHg or more, even when the body is at rest. This high pressure in the blood vessels that transport blood from the heart to the lungs can cause various symptoms, including shortness of breath, can lead to right heart failure, and significantly affect the overall quality of life.
There are various classifications for PH, each relating to different underlying causes and also...
604
Treatment for Pulmonary Arterial Hypertension: Phosphodiesterase Inhibitors01:28

Treatment for Pulmonary Arterial Hypertension: Phosphodiesterase Inhibitors

587
Phosphodiesterase 5 (PDE5) inhibitors are potent enzymes that function to hydrolyze cyclic nucleotides to their corresponding 5' monophosphates. Their unique biochemical properties have been applied in treating Pulmonary Arterial Hypertension (PAH).
Among the PDE5 inhibitors, sildenafil (Revatio) stands out as a competitive and selective inhibitor. It operates by elevating cellular levels of cGMP and augmenting signaling through the cGMP-PKG pathway, promoting vasodilation. Upon oral...
587
Treatment for Pulmonary Arterial Hypertension: Endothelin Receptor Antagonists01:18

Treatment for Pulmonary Arterial Hypertension: Endothelin Receptor Antagonists

452
Endothelins (ETs) are potent vasoactive peptides critical in the human body's various physiological and pathological processes. One of the most promising therapeutic strategies for treating pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH) involves counteracting the effects of these endothelins using a class of drugs known as endothelin receptor antagonists.
ETs are synthesized through a complex sequence of enzymatic steps, primarily involving an enzyme referred to as endothelin-converting enzyme...
452
Treatment for Pulmonary Arterial Hypertension: Prostacyclin Receptor Agonists01:23

Treatment for Pulmonary Arterial Hypertension: Prostacyclin Receptor Agonists

480
Prostacyclin receptor agonists are a class of therapeutic agents integral to managing pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH). These drugs operate by mimicking the action of prostaglandin I2, or PGI2, a naturally occurring compound in the body.
These agonists bind to the IPR receptor situated on the plasma membrane of the pulmonary artery smooth muscle cells. This binding triggers a cascade of reactions known as the GS-AC-cAMP-PKA pathway. This pathway results in the relaxation of smooth muscle...
480
Treatment for Pulmonary Arterial Hypertension: Oxygen Therapy for Respiratory Failure01:16

Treatment for Pulmonary Arterial Hypertension: Oxygen Therapy for Respiratory Failure

603
Oxygen therapy has emerged as a significant tool in enhancing the quality of life for patients suffering from pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH). While this therapy has principally been studied on patients with significant hypoxemia, this therapeutic approach helps prevent potential organ damage and can be administered in the comfort of one's home.
Oxygen therapy is vital in increasing and maintaining blood oxygen levels in PAH patients. As a result, it aids in reducing fatigue,...
603
Treatment for Pulmonary Arterial Hypertension: Receptor Tyrosine Kinase Inhibitors and Calcium Channel Blockers01:26

Treatment for Pulmonary Arterial Hypertension: Receptor Tyrosine Kinase Inhibitors and Calcium Channel Blockers

491
Receptor tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs) and calcium channel blockers (CCBs) are two critical categories of drugs employed in the treatment of pulmonary artery hypertension (PAH). PAH is a disease that causes high blood pressure in the pulmonary arteries, resulting in chest pain, fatigue, and shortness of breath.
TKIs, such as imatinib (Gleevec), are particularly effective in tackling the growth and mitogenic factors that become upregulated in PAH patients. These factors contribute to the...
491

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

Evolving Representation in Pulmonary Hypertension: Recent Insights and Challenges.

Chest·2026
Same author

Knowledge Gaps and Controversies on Cardiopulmonary Exercise Testing in the Assessment of Pulmonary Vascular Disease: An Official Statement of the Pulmonary Vascular Research Institute Exercise and Right Ventricular Function Task Force.

Pulmonary circulation·2026
Same author

Safety and pharmacokinetics of ralinepag, a novel oral prostacyclin receptor agonist.

JHLT open·2025
Same author

Reduced COVID-19 severity elicited by weight loss from a medically supervised ketogenic diet in a geographically diverse ambulatory population with type 2 diabetes and obesity.

BMJ nutrition, prevention & health·2023
Same author

A Pilot Study of Dimethyl Fumarate in Pulmonary Arterial Hypertension Associated with Systemic Sclerosis.

Journal of scleroderma and related disorders·2022
Same author

Pulmonary Arterial Hypertension: What Rare Diseases Tell Us About Disparities in Disease Registries, Clinical Trials, and Treatment Algorithms.

Chest·2021

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jan 26, 2026

Evaluation of Right Ventricular Function in Experimental Models of Pulmonary Arterial Hypertension
10:03

Evaluation of Right Ventricular Function in Experimental Models of Pulmonary Arterial Hypertension

Published on: June 27, 2025

763

Pulmonary Hypertension.

Darlene Kim1, M Patricia George1

  • 1Department of Medicine, National Jewish Health, 1400 Jackson Street, Denver CO 80206, USA.

The Medical Clinics of North America
|April 9, 2019
PubMed
Summary

Pulmonary hypertension (PH) is a progressive lung disease often diagnosed late. Early referral to specialists and physician partnerships are crucial for timely diagnosis and optimal treatment of PH patients.

Keywords:
Clinical presentationDiagnostic algorithmPulmonary arterial hypertensionPulmonary hypertensionTreatment

More Related Videos

Establishment and Validation of a Rat Model of Pulmonary Arterial Hypertension Associated with Pulmonary Fibrosis
07:11

Establishment and Validation of a Rat Model of Pulmonary Arterial Hypertension Associated with Pulmonary Fibrosis

Published on: May 23, 2025

896
Hemodynamic Characterization of Rodent Models of Pulmonary Arterial Hypertension
09:40

Hemodynamic Characterization of Rodent Models of Pulmonary Arterial Hypertension

Published on: April 11, 2016

21.7K

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Jan 26, 2026

Evaluation of Right Ventricular Function in Experimental Models of Pulmonary Arterial Hypertension
10:03

Evaluation of Right Ventricular Function in Experimental Models of Pulmonary Arterial Hypertension

Published on: June 27, 2025

763
Establishment and Validation of a Rat Model of Pulmonary Arterial Hypertension Associated with Pulmonary Fibrosis
07:11

Establishment and Validation of a Rat Model of Pulmonary Arterial Hypertension Associated with Pulmonary Fibrosis

Published on: May 23, 2025

896
Hemodynamic Characterization of Rodent Models of Pulmonary Arterial Hypertension
09:40

Hemodynamic Characterization of Rodent Models of Pulmonary Arterial Hypertension

Published on: April 11, 2016

21.7K

Area of Science:

  • Internal Medicine
  • Pulmonology
  • Cardiology

Background:

  • Pulmonary hypertension (PH) is a chronic, progressive condition.
  • PH symptoms mimic other lung diseases, causing diagnostic delays.
  • Delayed diagnosis impacts optimal therapy and patient outcomes.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To provide internists with a comprehensive review of pulmonary hypertension.
  • To cover clinical presentation, diagnostic strategies, PH types, and treatments.
  • To highlight the importance of early specialist referral and collaboration.

Main Methods:

  • Review article format.
  • Synthesis of current knowledge on PH.
  • Focus on practical aspects for internists.

Main Results:

  • PH diagnosis is often delayed due to non-specific symptoms.
  • A clear diagnostic algorithm is essential for timely identification.
  • Various treatment strategies exist, tailored to PH type.

Conclusions:

  • Early diagnosis and treatment are critical for managing PH.
  • Collaboration between front-line physicians and PH specialists improves patient care.
  • Optimizing PH management requires a multidisciplinary approach.