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High frequency and molecular characterization of porcine hemotrophic mycoplasmas in Brazil

Igor Renan Honorato Gatto1, Karina Sonálio1, Renan Bressianini do Amaral1

  • 1São Paulo State University (Unesp), School of Agricultural and Veterinarian Sciences, Jaboticabal, São Paulo, Via de Acesso Prof. Paulo Donato Castellane s/n, Jaboticabal, SP 14884-900, Brazil.

Veterinary Microbiology
|April 9, 2019
PubMed

Insights

Porcine hemoplasmas, including Mycoplasma suis and Mycoplasma parvum, are highly prevalent in Brazilian sows. This study provides the first molecular detection and characterization of Mycoplasma parvum in Brazil.

Area of Science:

  • Veterinary Microbiology
  • Animal Health
  • Molecular Diagnostics

Background:

  • Two hemotrophic mycoplasma species, Mycoplasma suis and Mycoplasma parvum, are recognized in pigs.
  • Mycoplasma suis is associated with infectious anemia, whereas Mycoplasma parvum infections are typically subclinical.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To determine the prevalence of porcine hemotropic mycoplasmas in sows in southern Brazil using quantitative real-time PCR (qPCR).
  • To genetically characterize a subset of detected Mycoplasma spp. isolates based on the 16S rRNA gene sequence.

Main Methods:

  • Quantitative real-time PCR (qPCR) was employed to analyze 429 blood samples from 53 distinct swine farms.
  • Phylogenetic analysis of the 16S rRNA gene was performed on obtained Mycoplasma spp. sequences.

Main Results:

  • Porcine hemoplasmas were detected at all 53 surveyed farms, with an overall prevalence of 79.72% (342/429 samples).
  • Phylogenetic analysis revealed sequences closely related to the Mycoplasma suis cluster and one sequence within the Mycoplasma parvum cluster.
  • This research marks the first molecular detection and partial 16S rRNA gene characterization of Mycoplasma parvum in Brazil.

Conclusions:

  • Porcine hemoplasmas exhibit a high prevalence in sows across commercial farms in southern Brazil.
  • The findings underscore the widespread presence of these pathogens and highlight the initial molecular identification of Mycoplasma parvum in the region.
Keywords:
Hemotrophic mycoplasmasInfectious diseasesMycoplasma parvumMycoplasma suisSows

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