Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Magnetism01:30

Magnetism

Magnets are commonly found in everyday objects, such as toys, hangers, elevators, doorbells, and computer devices. Experimentation on these magnets shows that all magnets have two poles: one is labeled north (N) and the other south (S). Magnetic poles repel if they are alike and attract if unlike. Moreover, both poles of a magnet attract unmagnetized pieces of iron.
An individual magnetic pole cannot be isolated. No matter how small, every piece of a magnet contains a north pole and a south...
Magnetic Fields01:27

Magnetic Fields

A moving charge or a current creates a magnetic field in the surrounding space, in addition to its electric field. The magnetic field exerts a force on any other moving charge or current that is present in the field. Like an electric field, the magnetic field is also a vector field. At any position, the direction of the magnetic field is defined as the direction in which the north pole of a compass needle points.
A magnetic field is defined by the force that a charged particle experiences...
Diamagnetism01:26

Diamagnetism

Materials consisting of paired electrons have zero net magnetic moments. However, when these materials are placed under an external magnetic field, the moments opposite to the field are induced. Such materials are called diamagnets. Diamagnetism is the response of the diamagnets when placed in an external magnetic field.
Diamagnetism was discovered by Anton Brugmans in 1778 when he observed that bismuth gets repelled by magnetic fields, thus theorizing that diamagnets get repelled by magnets.
Potential Due to a Magnetized Object01:24

Potential Due to a Magnetized Object

Magnetic dipoles in magnetic materials are aligned when placed under an external magnetic field. For paramagnets and ferromagnets, dipole alignment occurs in the direction of the magnetic field. However, the dipoles align opposite to the field in the case of diamagnets. This state of magnetic polarization due to the external field is called magnetization. Magnetization is defined as the dipole moment per unit volume. It plays a similar role to polarization in electrostatics.
The vector...
Magnetostatic Boundary Conditions01:28

Magnetostatic Boundary Conditions

An electric field suffers a discontinuity at a surface charge. Similarly, a magnetic field is discontinuous at a surface current. The perpendicular component of a magnetic field is continuous across the interface of two magnetic mediums. In contrast, its parallel component, perpendicular to the current, is discontinuous by the amount equal to the product of the vacuum permeability and the surface current. Like the scalar potential in electrostatics, the vector potential is also continuous...
Magnetic Susceptibility and Permeability01:31

Magnetic Susceptibility and Permeability

In linear magnetic materials, like paramagnets and diamagnets, magnetization is proportional to the magnetic field intensity. The constant of proportionality, a dimensionless number, is called magnetic susceptibility. The value of the susceptibility depends on the type of material.
When diamagnetic materials are placed under an external magnetic field, the moments opposite to the field are induced. Hence, the susceptibility for diamagnets has a minimal negative value of 10-5–10-6. Since...

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

A New Mechanism for Early-Time Plasmaspheric Refilling: The Role of Charge Exchange Reactions in the Transport of Energy and Mass Throughout the Ring Current-Plasmasphere System.

Journal of geophysical research. Space physics·2023
Same author

Circularly polarized light-induced potentials and the demise of excited states.

Physical chemistry chemical physics : PCCP·2022
Same author

Multifractal Characteristics of Geomagnetic Field Fluctuations for the Northern and Southern Hemispheres at Swarm Altitude.

Entropy (Basel, Switzerland)·2021
Same author

Nine Outstanding Questions of Solar Wind Physics.

Journal of geophysical research. Space physics·2020
Same author

Benchmarking seeding strategies for spreading processes in social networks: an interplay between influencers, topologies and sizes.

Scientific reports·2020
Same author

Author Correction: Nucleation of superfluid-light domains in a quenched dynamics.

Scientific reports·2018

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 27, 2026

Growing Magnetotactic Bacteria of the Genus Magnetospirillum: Strains MSR-1, AMB-1 and MS-1
10:07

Growing Magnetotactic Bacteria of the Genus Magnetospirillum: Strains MSR-1, AMB-1 and MS-1

Published on: October 17, 2018

The Earth's Magnetosphere: A Systems Science Overview and Assessment.

Joseph E Borovsky1, Juan Alejandro Valdivia2

  • 11Center for Space Plasma Physics, Space Science Institute, Boulder, CO 80301 USA.

Surveys in Geophysics
|April 9, 2019
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

This study presents a systems science view of the Earth's magnetosphere, detailing its 14 interconnected subsystems. It highlights the system's complexity and connectivity, offering a roadmap for future research.

Keywords:
Coherent structureComplex systemsEmergenceMagnetosphereRadiation beltSystems science

More Related Videos

Optimizing Magnetic Force Microscopy Resolution and Sensitivity to Visualize Nanoscale Magnetic Domains
07:42

Optimizing Magnetic Force Microscopy Resolution and Sensitivity to Visualize Nanoscale Magnetic Domains

Published on: July 20, 2022

Magnetometric Characterization of Intermediates in the Solid-State Electrochemistry of Redox-Active Metal-Organic Frameworks
06:53

Magnetometric Characterization of Intermediates in the Solid-State Electrochemistry of Redox-Active Metal-Organic Frameworks

Published on: June 9, 2023

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Jun 27, 2026

Growing Magnetotactic Bacteria of the Genus Magnetospirillum: Strains MSR-1, AMB-1 and MS-1
10:07

Growing Magnetotactic Bacteria of the Genus Magnetospirillum: Strains MSR-1, AMB-1 and MS-1

Published on: October 17, 2018

Optimizing Magnetic Force Microscopy Resolution and Sensitivity to Visualize Nanoscale Magnetic Domains
07:42

Optimizing Magnetic Force Microscopy Resolution and Sensitivity to Visualize Nanoscale Magnetic Domains

Published on: July 20, 2022

Magnetometric Characterization of Intermediates in the Solid-State Electrochemistry of Redox-Active Metal-Organic Frameworks
06:53

Magnetometric Characterization of Intermediates in the Solid-State Electrochemistry of Redox-Active Metal-Organic Frameworks

Published on: June 9, 2023

Area of Science:

  • Earth Science
  • Space Physics
  • Systems Science

Background:

  • The Earth's magnetosphere is a complex, dynamic system crucial for understanding space weather.
  • Previous studies have not fully captured the interconnectedness of the magnetosphere-ionosphere-thermosphere system.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To provide a comprehensive systems science examination of the Earth's magnetosphere.
  • To catalog and describe the magnetosphere's 14 interconnected subsystems.
  • To assess the applicability of system descriptors to the magnetospheric system.

Main Methods:

  • Systems science analysis of the magnetosphere-ionosphere-thermosphere system.
  • Cataloging and description of 14 particle population subsystems (12 plasmas, 2 neutrals).
  • Explanation of magnetospheric waves coupling subsystem behaviors.

Main Results:

  • The magnetospheric system is characterized as adaptive, nonlinear, dissipative, interdependent, open, irreversible, and complex.
  • A detailed roadmap of the magnetospheric system's connectivity is established.
  • Four examples of emergent phenomena in the Earth's magnetosphere are presented.

Conclusions:

  • This work provides a holistic view of the magnetosphere, emphasizing its full interconnectedness.
  • Facilitates future global systems science studies of the magnetosphere across diverse scales.
  • Aims to connect magnetospheric systems science with broader Earth systems science.