Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Diffusion01:12

Diffusion

217.3K
Diffusion is the passive movement of substances down their concentration gradients—requiring no expenditure of cellular energy. Substances, such as molecules or ions, diffuse from an area of high concentration to an area of low concentration in the cytosol or across membranes. Eventually, the concentration will even out, with the substance moving randomly but causing no net change in concentration. Such a state is called dynamic equilibrium, which is essential for maintaining overall...
217.3K
Diffusion01:21

Diffusion

6.3K
Diffusion is a type of passive transport. In passive transport, a substance tends to move from an area of high concentration to an area of low concentration until the concentration is equal across the space. For example, take the diffusion of substances through the air. When someone opens a perfume bottle in a room filled with people, the perfume is at its highest concentration in the bottle and is at its lowest at the edges of the room. The perfume vapor will diffuse, or spread away, from the...
6.3K
Fatigue01:21

Fatigue

829
Fatigue occurs when materials rupture under repeated or fluctuating loads, even at stress levels far below their static breaking strength. It typically results in brittle failure, even for ductile materials. It is a critical consideration in designing machines and structural components subjected to repetitive or varying loads. The nature of these loadings can range from fluctuating loads like unbalanced pump impellers causing vibrations to repeatedly bending a thin steel rod wire back and forth...
829
Oxidation Numbers03:14

Oxidation Numbers

42.3K
In redox reactions, the transfer of electrons occurs between reacting species. Electron transfer is described by a hypothetical number called the oxidation number (or oxidation state). It represents the effective charge of an atom or element, which is assigned using a set of rules.
42.3K
Types of Non-structural Cracks in Concrete01:28

Types of Non-structural Cracks in Concrete

490
Non-structural cracks are primarily of three types: plastic, early-age thermal, and drying shrinkage cracks. Plastic cracks are further classified into plastic shrinkage cracks and plastic settlement cracks.
Plastic shrinkage cracks typically form within hours after the concrete is poured. The concrete's surface dries faster than the bottom, creating tensile stress that the still-plastic concrete cannot withstand, leading to diagonal or randomly patterned cracks on the concrete surface.
490
Theories of Dissolution: Diffusion Layer Model01:15

Theories of Dissolution: Diffusion Layer Model

1.7K
Dissolution, the process by which drug particles dissolve in a solvent, is explained by the diffusion layer model, a theoretical framework that simulates the absorption of oral drugs and allows us to analyze experimental data.
This process starts with a thin layer, saturated with the drug, forming at the interface between the solid and liquid. The solute then diffuses from this layer into the main solution. The Noyes-Whitney equation suggests that the rate of dissolution relies on the diffusion...
1.7K

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

[GLI1 rearrangement in colon tumor: report of a case].

Zhonghua bing li xue za zhi = Chinese journal of pathology·2026
Same author

[Analysis of risk factors for early death in NPM1-mutated acute myeloid leukemia patients].

Zhonghua xue ye xue za zhi = Zhonghua xueyexue zazhi·2026
Same author

Nivolumab plus ipilimumab versus sunitinib for first-line treatment of advanced renal cell carcinoma: final analysis of efficacy and safety from the phase III CheckMate 214 trial.

Annals of oncology : official journal of the European Society for Medical Oncology·2026
Same author

Systematic curation and analysis of ovarian cancer data across multiple electronic record systems held within the UK National Health Service: a tertiary referral centre experience.

ESMO real world data and digital oncology·2026
Same author

[Healthcare institution resilience and the influencing factors during infectious disease outbreaks].

Beijing da xue xue bao. Yi xue ban = Journal of Peking University. Health sciences·2025
Same author

Retraction Note: MTA1 modulated by miR-30e contributes to epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition in hepatocellular carcinoma through an ErbB2-dependent pathway.

Oncogene·2025

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jan 26, 2026

Crack Monitoring in Resonance Fatigue Testing of Welded Specimens Using Digital Image Correlation
05:30

Crack Monitoring in Resonance Fatigue Testing of Welded Specimens Using Digital Image Correlation

Published on: September 29, 2019

8.7K

A diffusion-based approach for modelling crack tip behaviour under fatigue-oxidation conditions.

R J Kashinga1,2, L G Zhao1, V V Silberschmidt1

  • 11Wolfson School of Mechanical, Electrical and Manufacturing Engineering, Loughborough University, Loughborough, LE11 3TU UK.

International Journal of Fracture
|April 9, 2019
PubMed
Summary

This study models crack growth in nickel-based superalloys under high-temperature fatigue. A new criterion combining plastic strain and oxygen accumulation accurately predicts crack growth, considering oxidation effects in air.

Keywords:
Accumulated plastic strainCrack-tip behaviourDiffusion analysisFinite elementOxygen penetration

More Related Videos

Full-field Strain Measurements for Microstructurally Small Fatigue Crack Propagation Using Digital Image Correlation Method
07:37

Full-field Strain Measurements for Microstructurally Small Fatigue Crack Propagation Using Digital Image Correlation Method

Published on: January 16, 2019

10.1K
Ultrasonic Fatigue Testing in the Tension-Compression Mode
06:54

Ultrasonic Fatigue Testing in the Tension-Compression Mode

Published on: March 7, 2018

11.1K

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Jan 26, 2026

Crack Monitoring in Resonance Fatigue Testing of Welded Specimens Using Digital Image Correlation
05:30

Crack Monitoring in Resonance Fatigue Testing of Welded Specimens Using Digital Image Correlation

Published on: September 29, 2019

8.7K
Full-field Strain Measurements for Microstructurally Small Fatigue Crack Propagation Using Digital Image Correlation Method
07:37

Full-field Strain Measurements for Microstructurally Small Fatigue Crack Propagation Using Digital Image Correlation Method

Published on: January 16, 2019

10.1K
Ultrasonic Fatigue Testing in the Tension-Compression Mode
06:54

Ultrasonic Fatigue Testing in the Tension-Compression Mode

Published on: March 7, 2018

11.1K

Area of Science:

  • Materials Science
  • Mechanical Engineering
  • Metallurgy

Background:

  • High-temperature fatigue in nickel-based superalloys is influenced by environmental factors like oxidation.
  • Understanding crack tip behavior under fatigue is crucial for predicting material lifespan.
  • Previous models often simplified or neglected the complex interaction between fatigue and oxidation.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To model crack tip behavior in nickel-based superalloys under high-temperature fatigue in vacuum and air.
  • To investigate the significant effect of oxidation on fatigue crack growth.
  • To develop a predictive crack growth criterion incorporating both mechanical and oxidation effects.

Main Methods:

  • Modeling crack tip behavior using accumulated plastic strain in a vacuum.
  • Applying a diffusion-based approach to study oxygen penetration and its interaction with fatigue at the crack tip in air.
  • Developing a crack growth criterion based on accumulated oxygen and plastic strain.

Main Results:

  • In vacuum, crack growth was primarily driven by mechanical deformation (plastic strain).
  • Oxygen penetration into the crack tip induced compressive stress due to dilatation.
  • An increase in stress intensity factor range or peak load dwell times enhanced oxygen accumulation.
  • The developed criterion accurately predicted crack growth rates under fatigue-oxidation conditions.

Conclusions:

  • Fatigue crack growth in nickel-based superalloys is significantly affected by oxidation in air.
  • A combined criterion of plastic strain and oxygen accumulation effectively predicts crack growth under fatigue-oxidation.
  • The developed model shows good agreement with experimental results, offering a valuable tool for material design and life prediction.