Pulse transit time technique for cuffless unobtrusive blood pressure measurement: from theory to algorithm

Cuffless technique holds great promise to measure blood pressure (BP) in an unobtrusive way, improving diagnostics and monitoring of hypertension and its related cardiovascular diseases, and maximizing the independence and participation of individual. Pulse transit time (PTT) has been the most commonly employed techniques for cuffless BP estimation. Many studies have been conducted to explore its feasibility and validate its performance in the clinical settings. However, there is still issues and challenges ahead before its wide application. This review will investigate the understanding and development of the PTT technique in depth, with a focus on the physiological regulation of arterial BP, the relationship between PTT and BP, and the summaries of the PTT-based models for BP estimation.