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Related Concept Videos

Stem Cell Therapy for Tissue Regeneration01:21

Stem Cell Therapy for Tissue Regeneration

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Stem cell therapy is a method used in regenerative medicine to repair and restore function to damaged tissues and organs. Stem cells have the potential to proliferate and differentiate into various tissue types, making them ideal candidates for tissue regeneration. For example, hematopoietic stem cell transplants are commonly used in blood cancer treatment to replenish damaged bone marrow and restore healthy blood cells.
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Tissue Renewal without Stem Cells01:23

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After cellular or tissue damage, the resident stem cells present in the human body can locally repair and regenerate the damaged tissue or organ. However, even though some tissues do not have stem cells, they can repair and regenerate with the help of pre-existing cells. For example, beta cells of the pancreas and hepatocytes of the liver can divide to renew and regenerate the tissue. Here, both cell division and cell death are well regulated by homeostasis.
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Stem cells are undifferentiated cells that divide and produce more stem cells or progenitor cells that differentiate into mature, specialized cell types. All the cells in the body are generated from stem cells in the early embryo, but small populations of stem cells are also present in many adult tissues including the bone marrow, brain, skin, and gut. These adult stem cells typically produce the various cell types found in that tissue—to replace cells that are damaged or to continuously...
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Plant tissues are collections of similar cells performing related functions. Different plant tissues will have their own specialized roles and can be combined with other tissues to form organs such as flowers, fruit, stem, and leaves. Two major types of plant tissue include meristematic and permanent tissue.
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Embryonic stem (ES) cells are undifferentiated pluripotent cells, meaning they can produce any cell type in the body. This gives them tremendous potential in science and medicine since they can generate specific cell types for use in research or to replace body cells lost due to damage or disease.
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Embryonic Stem Cells00:57

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Embryonic stem (ES) cells were first discovered in mice in 1981 by Martin Evans. In 1998, James Thomson identified a method to isolate embryonic stem cells from humans. Human embryonic stem cells (hESCs) are obtained from 3-5 day old embryos that remain unused after an in vitro fertilization procedure.
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Tissue Engineering: Construction of a Multicellular 3D Scaffold for the Delivery of Layered Cell Sheets
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Recent Advances in Engineered Stem Cell-Derived Cell Sheets for Tissue Regeneration.

Hyunbum Kim1,2,3, Yunhye Kim4, Jihyun Park5

  • 1Soonchunhyang Institute of Medi-bio Science (SIMS), Soonchunhyang University, Cheonan-si, Chungcheongnam-do 31151, Korea. tiggerhy@sch.ac.kr.

Polymers
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PubMed
Summary

Cell sheet engineering (CSE) offers a scaffold-free method for regenerating tissues using stem cells. This technique overcomes limitations in current stem cell therapies, enabling clinical applications for damaged tissues and organs.

Keywords:
cell sheet engineeringscaffold-freesmart polymerstem celltemperature-responsivenesstissue regeneration

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Area of Science:

  • Regenerative Medicine
  • Biomaterials Science
  • Tissue Engineering

Background:

  • Stem cell-based therapies show promise for tissue and organ regeneration but face clinical translation challenges.
  • Existing methods often require proteolytic enzymes, potentially damaging cells and limiting therapeutic applications.
  • Cell sheet engineering (CSE) presents a scaffold-free alternative to address these limitations.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the principles, advancements, and clinical relevance of CSE in stem cell-based therapies.
  • To highlight CSE's potential to accelerate the clinical adoption of regenerative treatments.
  • To focus on applications in bone, periodontal, skin, and vascularized muscle regeneration.

Main Methods:

  • Utilizing temperature-responsive polymer-immobilized surfaces for cell culture.
  • Harvesting intact, multi-layered cell sheets without enzymatic dissociation.
  • Maintaining intercellular junctions, cell-secreted extracellular matrices, and cell surface proteins within the harvested sheets.

Main Results:

  • CSE enables the formation of scaffold-free, three-dimensional cell sheets with preserved cellular integrity and function.
  • This method facilitates the creation of engineered tissues suitable for targeted regeneration.
  • The review covers successful applications and ongoing progress in various regenerative medicine fields.

Conclusions:

  • Cell sheet engineering is a promising scaffold-free technology for advancing stem cell-based regenerative therapies.
  • CSE overcomes key limitations, paving the way for clinical applications in diverse tissues.
  • Further development of CSE holds significant potential for treating damaged tissues and organs.