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Related Concept Videos

Polymers02:34

Polymers

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The word polymer is derived from the Greek words “poly” which means “many” and “mer” which means “parts”. Polymers are long chains of molecules composed of repeating units of smaller molecules, known as monomers. They either occur naturally, such as DNA and proteins, or can be constructed synthetically, like plastics. They have varied structural characteristics, such as linear chains, branched chains, or complex networks, that contribute to the...
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Guidelines for Writing Outcome01:11

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When developing expected outcomes for a patient care plan, the nurse should adhere to the following recommendations:
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Hybridoma technology is used for the large-scale production of monoclonal antibodies. Monoclonal antibodies bind to only a single antigenic determinant or epitope. Such antibodies are used in research, diagnostics, and disease therapy. The hybridoma technology established in 1975 by Georges Köhler and Cesar Milstein was awarded the Nobel Prize in Medicine in 1984 for revolutionizing research and therapy.
Hybridoma Selection
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Crossed Aldol Reaction Using Strong Bases: Directed Aldol Reaction00:56

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The reaction between two different carbonyl compounds comprising α hydrogen in the presence of a strong base like lithium diisopropylamide (LDA) to form a crossed aldol product is known as a directed aldol reaction. The directed aldol reaction is depicted in Figure 1.
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Directing Effect of Substituents: meta-Directing Groups01:09

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Substituents on the benzene ring that direct an incoming electrophile to undergo substitution at the meta position are called meta directors. All meta directors either have a positive charge on the atom directly bonded to the ring or a partial positive charge. These groups function by withdrawing electrons from the ring through inductive and resonance effects. Consider the carbocation intermediates formed upon the addition of an electrophile on nitrobenzene at the...
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jan 26, 2026

Fabrication of Polymer Microspheres for Optical Resonator and Laser Applications
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Polymer-Based Device Fabrication and Applications Using Direct Laser Writing Technology.

Zhen-Lin Wu1, Ya-Nan Qi2, Xiao-Jie Yin3,4

  • 1School of Optoelectronic Engineering and Instrumentation Science, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian 116024, China. zhenlinwu@dlut.edu.cn.

Polymers
|April 10, 2019
PubMed
Summary

Direct laser writing (DLW) fabricates polymer micro/nano-devices for optics, electronics, and biomedicine. This review covers DLW advancements, parameters, and material innovations for diverse applications.

Keywords:
biology applicationelectromagnetics applicationoptical devicepolymer-based laser direct writing

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Area of Science:

  • Materials Science
  • Nanotechnology
  • Photonics

Background:

  • Polymer materials offer unique properties for advanced device fabrication.
  • Direct laser writing (DLW) is a mask-free technique for high-precision micro/nano-fabrication.
  • DLW is cost-effective and versatile for creating complex structures.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review recent advancements in polymer-based micro/nano-devices fabricated by DLW.
  • To explore the influence of DLW manufacturing parameters on device structures and functions.
  • To discuss the diverse applications of these polymer micro/nano-devices.

Main Methods:

  • Review of current research on DLW for polymer micro/nano-device fabrication.
  • Investigation of DLW system parameters and their impact on fabrication outcomes.
  • Analysis of polymer material properties relevant to DLW.

Main Results:

  • DLW enables the fabrication of a wide range of polymer micro/nano-devices.
  • Optimized DLW parameters are crucial for achieving desired device structures and functionalities.
  • Novel polymer materials enhance DLW capabilities for specific applications.

Conclusions:

  • DLW is a powerful technique for creating versatile polymer micro/nano-devices.
  • The review highlights the broad applicability of DLW-fabricated polymer devices in optics, electronics, and biomedicine.
  • Future research should focus on advanced polymer materials and DLW process optimization.