Plasticizers Derived from Biomass Resources: A Short Review

Area of Science:

• Green Chemistry
• Materials Science
• Polymer Chemistry

Background:

• Growing environmental concerns and dwindling petrochemical supplies necessitate sustainable alternatives.
• Petroleum-based ortho-phthalate plasticizers face scrutiny due to environmental and health concerns.
• Biomass-derived chemicals are gaining traction as eco-friendly replacements.

Purpose of the Study:

• To review and classify various types of bio-based plasticizers for Polyvinyl Chloride (PVC).
• To highlight recent advancements in the multifunctional applications of these bio-based plasticizers.
• To stimulate further research and innovation in the field of sustainable plasticizers.

Main Methods:

• Classification of bio-based plasticizers based on chemical structure and function.
• Review of literature on biomass resources for plasticizer synthesis (e.g., vegetable oil, cardanol, glycerol, citric acid).
• Analysis of recent developments in multifunctional applications within PVC products.

Main Results:

• Identified several categories of bio-based plasticizers: epoxidized, polyester, macromolecular, flame retardant, citric acid ester, glyceryl ester, and internal plasticizers.
• Demonstrated that bio-based plasticizers offer advantages like renewability, biodegradability, and lower toxicity.
• Highlighted their comparable or superior performance in solvent resistance and plasticizing efficiency compared to ortho-phthalates.

Conclusions:

• Bio-based plasticizers are viable and advantageous replacements for ortho-phthalate plasticizers in PVC.
• These sustainable alternatives possess excellent properties, including renewability and reduced toxicity.
• Further research into bio-based plasticizers will drive innovation in eco-friendly PVC applications.