Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Stress and Mental Health01:30

Stress and Mental Health

864
Chronic stress profoundly affects mental health, significantly influencing mood, behavior, and overall quality of life. Research closely links chronic stress with mental health conditions such as depression, anxiety, and substance use disorders. Ongoing exposure to stress can lead to physiological and psychological changes, initiating a cycle of emotional distress and maladaptive coping mechanisms.
Individuals with depression often experience challenges in both their personal and professional...
864
Higher Mental Functions of the Brain: Language01:10

Higher Mental Functions of the Brain: Language

3.5K
Language is a system of communication that allows the expression of thoughts, ideas, and feelings. The brain processes language in both hemispheres.
Language formation and comprehension take place in the dominant hemisphere. The dominant hemisphere is responsible for understanding the meaning of spoken, written, or sign language, as well as the ability to communicate. For most people, the left hemisphere is the dominant one. The right hemisphere, then, gives tone and emotional context to the...
3.5K
Higher Mental Functions of Brain: Learning and Memory01:26

Higher Mental Functions of Brain: Learning and Memory

1.9K
Memory is one of the most vital higher mental functions of the brain. Memory is closely related to learning because it enables us to retain information and experiences from our past to use them in our present life. It also helps us to remember facts, events, and skills, such as riding a bike or swimming. There are two types of memory — declarative memory, which involves memorizing facts or events, and procedural memory, which enables us to remember how to do something like writing or...
1.9K
Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM)01:27

Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM)

1.2K
The Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM) serves as the primary classification system for mental health disorders, providing standardized diagnostic criteria for clinicians and researchers. First published by the American Psychiatric Association (APA) in 1952, the DSM has undergone several revisions to reflect evolving psychiatric understanding. The fifth edition, DSM-5, released in 2013, introduced key updates that expanded diagnostic categories and modified diagnostic...
1.2K
Schemas01:42

Schemas

12.3K
A schema is a mental construct consisting of a cluster or collection of related concepts (Bartlett, 1932). There are many different types of schemata, and they all have one thing in common: schemata are a method of organizing information that allows the brain to work more efficiently. When a schema is activated, the brain makes immediate assumptions about the person or object being observed.
12.3K
DNA as a Genetic Template02:05

DNA as a Genetic Template

27.5K
Two structural features of the DNA molecule provide a basis for the mechanisms of heredity: the four nucleotide bases and its double-stranded nature. The Watson-Crick model of double-helical DNA structure, proposed in 1952, drew heavily upon the X-ray crystallography work of researchers Rosalind Franklin and Maurice Wilkins. Watson, Crick, and Wilkins jointly received the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine for their work in 1962. Franklin was, controversially, excluded from the prize for...
27.5K

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

The impact of uncertainty on disclosure of prenatal exome sequencing results: A vignette study among medical students.

PloS one·2026
Same author

Investigating the replicability of the social and behavioural sciences.

Nature·2026
Same author

Perceptions of science, science communication, and climate change attitudes in 68 countries - the TISP dataset.

Scientific data·2025
Same author

Trust in scientists and their role in society across 68 countries.

Nature human behaviour·2025
Same author

Social and moral psychology of COVID-19 across 69 countries.

Scientific data·2023
Same author

The process of replication target selection in psychology: what to consider?

Royal Society open science·2023

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jan 26, 2026

An Experimental Paradigm for Measuring the Effects of Ageing on Sentence Processing
04:30

An Experimental Paradigm for Measuring the Effects of Ageing on Sentence Processing

Published on: October 25, 2019

6.0K

How are mental simulations updated across sentences?

Lara N Hoeben Mannaert1, Katinka Dijkstra2, Rolf A Zwaan2

  • 1Erasmus University Rotterdam, Burgemeester Oudlaan 50, Mandeville Building, PO Box 1738, 3000 DR, Rotterdam, The Netherlands. hoebenmannaert@essb.eur.nl.

Memory & Cognition
|April 10, 2019
PubMed
Summary

Mental simulations update during language comprehension. People better recognize objects when pictures match the shape implied by sentences, showing active simulation updating.

Keywords:
DiscourseGrounded cognitionLanguage comprehensionMental representationSituation modelsUpdating

More Related Videos

Using the Visual World Paradigm to Study Sentence Comprehension in Mandarin-Speaking Children with Autism
06:15

Using the Visual World Paradigm to Study Sentence Comprehension in Mandarin-Speaking Children with Autism

Published on: October 3, 2018

8.1K
Examining Online Syntactic Processing of Spoken Complex Sentences in Chinese Using Dual-Modal Interference Tasks
08:32

Examining Online Syntactic Processing of Spoken Complex Sentences in Chinese Using Dual-Modal Interference Tasks

Published on: September 5, 2019

5.9K

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Jan 26, 2026

An Experimental Paradigm for Measuring the Effects of Ageing on Sentence Processing
04:30

An Experimental Paradigm for Measuring the Effects of Ageing on Sentence Processing

Published on: October 25, 2019

6.0K
Using the Visual World Paradigm to Study Sentence Comprehension in Mandarin-Speaking Children with Autism
06:15

Using the Visual World Paradigm to Study Sentence Comprehension in Mandarin-Speaking Children with Autism

Published on: October 3, 2018

8.1K
Examining Online Syntactic Processing of Spoken Complex Sentences in Chinese Using Dual-Modal Interference Tasks
08:32

Examining Online Syntactic Processing of Spoken Complex Sentences in Chinese Using Dual-Modal Interference Tasks

Published on: September 5, 2019

5.9K

Area of Science:

  • Cognitive Psychology
  • Psycholinguistics
  • Mental Simulation

Background:

  • Grounded cognition theory posits that language comprehension involves reactivating sensory and motor experiences.
  • Understanding how mental simulations are updated with new information is crucial for explaining comprehension dynamics.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate whether mental simulations are actively updated to reflect implied changes in object shape during sentence processing.
  • To determine the time course and accuracy of these updates.

Main Methods:

  • Two preregistered experiments (N=84 each) using a sentence-picture verification task.
  • Participants verified if a pictured object matched the preceding sentence, with manipulated shape consistency.
  • Measured response times and accuracy.

Main Results:

  • Participants demonstrated significantly higher accuracy and faster response times for pictures matching the implied shape.
  • Mismatched shapes led to lower accuracy and slower responses, indicating a processing cost.

Conclusions:

  • Mental simulations are dynamically updated during language comprehension to incorporate new information, including shape changes.
  • This supports the active, simulation-based nature of understanding language, even with subtle shifts in meaning.