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Association of immigrant generational status with asthma
Anne Philipneri1, Steven Hanna2, Piush J Mandhane3
1Department of Health Research Methods, Evidence, and Impact, McMaster University, Health Sciences Centre Room 2C1, 1280 Main Street, West Hamilton, Ontario, L8S 4K1, Canada. philipan@mcmaster.ca.
Summary
Asthma risk is lower in immigrant children and youth in Canada. Both first-generation (foreign-born) and second-generation (Canadian-born with foreign-born parent) immigrants showed reduced odds of asthma compared to non-immigrants.
Area of Science:
- Epidemiology
- Public Health
- Pediatrics
Background:
- Asthma prevalence varies significantly across different populations.
- Understanding the impact of immigration on child health outcomes is crucial for public health initiatives.
- The role of generational status in immigrant health warrants further investigation.
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate asthma risk differences between first-generation immigrants, second-generation immigrants, and non-immigrants in Canada.
- To analyze the association between immigration status and asthma diagnosis in a large Canadian cohort.
- To identify potential factors influencing asthma prevalence in immigrant children and youth.
Main Methods:
- Utilized data from the Canadian National Longitudinal Survey of Children and Youth (1994-2008).
- Included 15,799 participants aged 2-26 years, defining asthma based on professional diagnosis, symptoms, or medication use.
- Employed statistical analysis to compare asthma prevalence and odds ratios, controlling for covariates.
Main Results:
- Asthma prevalence was lower in first-generation (32%) and second-generation (34%) immigrants compared to non-immigrants (46%).
- First-generation immigrants had 0.21 times the odds of asthma (AOR=0.21), and second-generation immigrants had 0.19 times the odds (AOR=0.19) compared to non-immigrants.
- Each additional year parents resided in Canada was associated with a 5% increase in asthma odds for second-generation immigrants (AOR=1.05).
Conclusions:
- Immigrant children and youth in Canada, irrespective of generation, exhibit lower odds of asthma.
- Findings suggest a protective effect of immigrant status against asthma in Canadian children and youth.
- Further research is needed to explore the mechanisms behind the increased asthma risk with longer parental residency in Canada for second-generation immigrants.
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