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Updated: Jan 26, 2026

EPA Method 1615. Measurement of Enterovirus and Norovirus Occurrence in Water by Culture and RT-qPCR. Part III. Virus Detection by RT-qPCR
Published on: January 16, 2016
Non-Detection of Enteroviruses in Shellfish Collected from Legal Shellfish Beds in Massachusetts
Khalifa I Khalifa1, Barbara Werner1, Ralph Timperi1
1Microbiology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Suez Canal University, Ismailia, Egypt and Center for Laboratories and Communicable Disease Control, Massachusetts Department of Public Health, Jamiaca Plain, Massachusetts 02130.
Abstract:
Eighty-five samples of shellfish (50 soft shell clams, 21 hard shell clams and 14 oysters) were examined for the presence of human enteric viruses. In addition, bacterial contamination levels, both fecal coliform and standard plate count, were determined. Seventy-five samples were harvested from open shellfish areas and 10 samples from restricted shellfish areas during seasonal opening. Enteroviruses were not detected in any of the samples tested. In contrast, 33 (30 from open beds and 3 from restricted areas) of 82 shellfish samples had levels of bacterial contamination that exceed current regulatory limits for shellfish.
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