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Drag Reduction Using Polysaccharides in a Taylor⁻Couette Flow.

Pallavi Bhambri1, Ravin Narain2, Brian Fleck3

  • 1Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Alberta, 9211-116 Street NW, Edmonton, AL T6G 1H9, Canada. bhambri@ualberta.ca.

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Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

This study explores natural polysaccharides and novel additives like cellulose nanocrystals (CNC) and surfactants for drag reduction in turbulent flow. Surfactants showed the highest drag reduction, while grafting them onto CNC reduced their effectiveness.

Keywords:
Taylor–Couette flowdrag reductionpolysaccharidesturbulent flow

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Area of Science:

  • Fluid Dynamics
  • Materials Science

Background:

  • Drag reduction is crucial for improving energy efficiency in fluid systems.
  • Polysaccharides and novel materials are investigated as eco-friendly drag reducing agents.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To evaluate the drag reduction capabilities of aloe vera, tamarind, pineapple fibers, cellulose nanocrystals (CNC), and surfactants in turbulent flow.
  • To analyze the impact of Reynolds number on drag reduction for various additives.
  • To compare the performance of natural polysaccharides with novel additives like CNC and surfactants.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized a Taylor-Couette setup with a rotating inner cylinder to measure drag reduction.
  • Investigated a Reynolds number range from 4 × 10⁴ to 3 × 10⁵.
  • Examined the drag reduction performance of aloe vera, tamarind powder, pineapple fibers, CNC, surfactants, and surfactant-grafted CNC.

Main Results:

  • Polysaccharides achieved a maximum drag reduction of 35%.
  • Cellulose nanocrystals (CNC) demonstrated a 30% drag reduction due to their rigid structure.
  • Surfactants exhibited a remarkable 80% drag reduction at low Reynolds numbers.
  • Grafting surfactants onto CNC significantly diminished the surfactant's drag reduction property.

Conclusions:

  • Natural polysaccharides and CNC are effective drag reducing agents.
  • Surfactants offer superior drag reduction, especially at lower Reynolds numbers.
  • The effectiveness of surfactants is compromised when chemically bonded to CNC, indicating potential challenges in developing hybrid additives.