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Thermo-Responsive Cellulose-Based Material with Switchable Wettability for Controllable Oil/Water Separation.

Wenbo Chen1,2, Hui He3,4, Hongxiang Zhu5,6

  • 1College of Light Industry and Food Engineering, Guangxi University, Nanning 530004, China. ilaureshang@163.com.

Polymers
|April 11, 2019
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Summary

Researchers developed a thermo-responsive cellulose material that switches between hydrophilic and hydrophobic states. This novel material enables switchable separation of oil/water mixtures, demonstrating excellent recyclability.

Keywords:
cellulosechemical graftingcontrollable oil/water separationin situ variable-temperature NMRthermo-responsive

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Area of Science:

  • Materials Science
  • Polymer Chemistry
  • Surface Science

Background:

  • Cellulose-based materials offer sustainable platforms for advanced applications.
  • Thermo-responsive polymers can alter properties with temperature changes.
  • Developing efficient oil/water separation methods is crucial for environmental remediation.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To synthesize a thermo-responsive cellulose-graft-poly(N-isopropylacrylamide) (cellulose-g-PNIPAAm) material.
  • To investigate the temperature-dependent wettability transition of the material.
  • To evaluate the material's performance in switchable oil/water separation.

Main Methods:

  • Grafting N-isopropylacrylamide (NIPAAm) onto bagasse pulp cellulose using Ce(IV)-initiated free radical polymerization.
  • Characterization of wettability using water contact angle (WCA) measurements at different temperatures.
  • Analysis of the thermo-responsive mechanism via in situ variable-temperature 13C NMR, 1H NMR, and AFM.

Main Results:

  • The cellulose-g-PNIPAAm paper exhibited a rapid wettability switch from hydrophilic (0° at 25 °C) to hydrophobic (134.2° at 45 °C).
  • The material demonstrated effective switchable separation of oil/water mixtures, allowing water passage below 45 °C and oil passage above 45 °C.
  • The paper maintained its switchable wettability and separation performance over five regeneration cycles.

Conclusions:

  • A novel thermo-responsive cellulose-based material with tunable wettability was successfully prepared.
  • The material shows significant potential for applications in smart oil/water separation technologies.
  • The developed material offers a sustainable and recyclable solution for liquid mixture separation.