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Magma chambers: what we can, and cannot, learn from volcano geodesy.

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Summary

Volcanic geodesy reveals magma chamber depth and shape by analyzing ground deformation. Incorporating viscoelasticity and complex magma properties explains observed inflation cycles and post-eruption inflation.

Keywords:
magma rechargerheologyviscoelasticityvolcano deformationvolcano geodesy

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Area of Science:

  • Geophysics
  • Volcanology
  • Earth Sciences

Background:

  • Geodetic observations provide insights into crustal magma chambers.
  • Deformation patterns relate to chamber depth, volume, and shape.
  • Simple elastic models are insufficient for complex volcanic systems.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To explore how viscoelasticity and complex magma properties influence volcanic deformation.
  • To explain observed inflation cycles and post-eruption inflation.
  • To discuss challenges and future directions in volcano geodesy.

Main Methods:

  • Analysis of geodetic deformation data (horizontal and vertical displacement).
  • Modeling of elastic and viscoelastic responses of magma chambers.
  • Numerical calculations for ellipsoidal chambers with viscoelastic aureoles.

Main Results:

  • Deformation decay rate indicates chamber depth; amplitude relates to pressure-volume product.
  • Chamber shape influences horizontal vs. vertical displacement ratios.
  • Viscoelastic models explain post-eruptive inflation and complex inflation cycles.

Conclusions:

  • Viscoelasticity significantly alters time-dependent deformation response.
  • Complex magma properties (non-Newtonian) and crustal behavior are crucial for accurate modeling.
  • Advanced geodetic and modeling approaches are needed for volcano monitoring.