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Sparse evidence for selection on phenotypic plasticity in response to temperature.

Pieter A Arnold1, Adrienne B Nicotra1, Loeske E B Kruuk1

  • 1Division of Ecology and Evolution, Research School of Biology, The Australian National University , Acton, Australian Capital Territory, 2601 Australia.

Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society of London. Series B, Biological Sciences
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Phenotypic plasticity helps organisms adapt to environmental changes. However, current evidence does not strongly support selection acting on thermal plasticity, suggesting more research is needed.

Keywords:
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Area of Science:

  • Evolutionary Biology
  • Ecology
  • Climate Change Adaptation

Background:

  • Phenotypic plasticity is often assumed to be adaptive for coping with environmental changes like climate change.
  • The selective pressures on phenotypic plasticity, particularly thermal plasticity, remain poorly understood in natural populations.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To systematically review and meta-analyze existing estimates of selection on thermal plasticity.
  • To assess the empirical support for the adaptive assumption of plasticity in response to temperature shifts.

Main Methods:

  • Conducted a systematic literature review and meta-analysis of studies estimating selection coefficients on thermal plasticity.
  • Developed and demonstrated a multivariate mixed model for robust selection estimation on plasticity.

Main Results:

  • Few studies have estimated selection on plasticity, and those available show weak, non-significant directional selection.
  • Overall, the meta-analysis found no significant evidence for selection acting on thermal plasticity.
  • The proposed multivariate mixed model offers a robust approach for future research.

Conclusions:

  • Current empirical data do not strongly support the assumption that phenotypic plasticity in response to temperature is under selection.
  • Further research is required to understand the conditions under which plasticity evolves.
  • Understanding selection on plasticity is crucial for predicting organismal responses to rapid environmental change.