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Related Concept Videos

Inflammatory Response01:28

Inflammatory Response

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An inflammatory response is a localized, nonspecific immune reaction that occurs when a tissue is injured. It is characterized by redness, swelling, heat, and pain, which are commonly called the cardinal signs and symptoms of inflammation. Inflammation can sometimes result in a loss of function.
Inflammation can be triggered by various stimuli, such as impact, abrasion, chemical irritation, infections, and extreme hot or cold temperatures. These can damage cells and connective tissue fibers,...
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Inflammatory Response II: Inflammatory Exudate and Tissue Repair01:24

Inflammatory Response II: Inflammatory Exudate and Tissue Repair

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The immune system's inflammatory response destroys the invading pathogen, permitting the tissue to heal. The changes during the cellular and vascular stages allow exudate formation at the site of inflammation. The inflammatory exudate released from the wound has high protein content and a specific gravity above 1.020.
The typical wound exudate is odorless, transparent, straw-colored, thin, and watery. Exudate, however, can differ depending on the state of wound healing. Likewise, the...
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Inflammatory Response I: Vascular and Cellular01:30

Inflammatory Response I: Vascular and Cellular

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The inflammatory response is the body's defense against infection, injury, or irritation from bacteria, trauma, toxins, or heat. Inflammation helps locate and destroy pathogens and remove damaged tissue elements to heal the body. During this initial phase, fluid, blood products, and nutrients migrate to the injured area, resulting in redness, heat, swelling, ache, and loss of function. Moreover, signs of systemic inflammation include fever, increased WBC count, malaise, anorexia, nausea,...
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Inflammatory Bowel Disease I: Ulcerative Colitis01:27

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Introduction
Inflammatory bowel disease, or IBD, encompasses a group of disorders characterized by chronic inflammation or ulceration of the gastrointestinal tract.
Risk Factors
The exact cause of IBD remains unclear, although it is believed to be due to a mix of genetic, environmental, microbial, and immune factors. Genetic factors are significant in determining susceptibility to IBD, with family history being a critical risk factor. Individuals with a first-degree relative who has IBD are at...
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Inflammatory Bowel Disease V: Surgical Management01:21

Inflammatory Bowel Disease V: Surgical Management

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Surgical interventions for inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), which includes ulcerative colitis and Crohn's disease, are essential in managing symptoms and addressing complications. The selection of surgical procedures is contingent upon the specific conditions and complications that stem from these illnesses.
Here are some common surgical interventions for IBD:
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Inflammatory Bowel Disease II: Crohn's Disease01:30

Inflammatory Bowel Disease II: Crohn's Disease

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Introduction
Inflammatory bowel disease, commonly known as IBD, refers to a collection of disorders that lead to persistent inflammation of the gastrointestinal tract. The two types of IBD are ulcerative colitis, which impacts the colon, and Crohn's disease, which can involve any part of the gastrointestinal segment.
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Erratum: Removal notice to "Two fatal cases of anti-melanoma differentiation-associated gene 5 antibody (anti-MDA5) rapidly progressive interstitial lung disease (RP-ILD): Exploring pitfalls and differences" [Respir. Med. Case Rep. 55 (2025) 102224].

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jan 26, 2026

In Vivo Imaging Uncovers the Migratory Behavior of Leukocytes within the Joints
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In Vivo Imaging Uncovers the Migratory Behavior of Leukocytes within the Joints

Published on: December 9, 2025

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Clopidogrel-Associated Migratory Inflammatory Polyarthritis.

Bibi Ayesha1, Jimmy Varghese2, Haraldine Stafford2

  • 1Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Rheumatology, Montefiore Medical Center, Bronx, NY, USA.

The American Journal of Case Reports
|April 11, 2019
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Clopidogrel can cause rare inflammatory arthritis. Discontinuing clopidogrel resolved symptoms in two patients, suggesting an immune-mediated drug reaction that did not recur with prasugrel.

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Area of Science:

  • Rheumatology
  • Pharmacology

Background:

  • Clopidogrel is a crucial antiplatelet agent for preventing thrombotic events in acute coronary syndrome.
  • While generally safe, clopidogrel can rarely cause adverse effects, including inflammatory arthritis.
  • Migratory polyarthritis is a rare but reported side effect of clopidogrel therapy.

Observation:

  • This report details two cases of acute migratory polyarthritis linked to clopidogrel initiation.
  • Symptoms appeared within days to a week of starting clopidogrel and resolved upon discontinuation.
  • Joint symptoms lasted 1-3 days per joint, characteristic of an immune-mediated drug reaction.

Findings:

  • Both patients experienced complete symptom resolution after stopping clopidogrel.
  • Subsequent prasugrel initiation did not trigger a recurrence of polyarthritis.
  • Normal eosinophil counts helped rule out acute allergic reactions.

Implications:

  • Diagnosing clopidogrel-induced inflammatory arthritis requires thorough evaluation and awareness.
  • Early identification and intervention are key for effective management.
  • Discontinuation of clopidogrel leads to symptom resolution in affected patients.