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Dimensional Analysis

Dimensional Analysis

Dimensional analysis, also known as the factor label method, is a versatile approach for mathematical operations. The main principle behind this approach is: the units of quantities must be subjected to the same mathematical operations as their associated numbers. This method can be applied to computations ranging from simple unit conversions to more complex and multi-step calculations involving several different quantities and their units.
Conversion Factors and Dimensional Analysis
The unit...

Separation of Sister Chromatids

Separation of Sister Chromatids

At the transition from prophase to metaphase, there is a reduction in cohesion along the chromosomal arms, resulting in the resolution of sister chromatids. However, residual cohesin connections remain to hold the sister chromatids together until the transition from metaphase to anaphase. The residual connection prevents any premature separation of sister chromatids, blocking the risks of aneuploidy within the daughter cells.
At the onset of anaphase, separase, a proteolytic enzyme, is...

Optimizing Chromatographic Separations

Optimizing Chromatographic Separations

Optimizing chromatographic separations is crucial for obtaining clean separations in a minimum amount of time. Optimization is required for several factors, including kinetic effects related to band broadening, plate height, capacity factor, and separation factor.
Band broadening refers to spreading solute bands as they travel through the column. This broadening can impact resolution. Plate height (H) represents the length required for one theoretical plate. A lower plate height corresponds to...

Overview Of Cell Separation And Isolation

Overview Of Cell Separation And Isolation

Cell separation was first achieved in 1964 by S. H. Seal, who separated large tumor cells from the smaller blood cells using filtration. Two years later, Pohl and Hawk performed experiments on how cells respond differently to a nonuniform electric field based on the cell type. Such observations were the inception of cell separation methods, which allow isolating a single cell type from a heterogeneous sample.

The Resting Membrane Potential

The Resting Membrane Potential

Introduction to Membrane Proteins

Introduction to Membrane Proteins

The cell membrane, or plasma membrane, is an ever-changing landscape. It is described as a fluid mosaic where various macromolecules are embedded in the phospholipid bilayer. Among the macromolecules are proteins. The protein content varies across cell types. For example, mitochondrial inner membranes contain ~76% protein content, while myelin contains ~18% protein content. Individual cells contain many types of membrane proteins—red blood cells contain over 50—and different cell...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jan 26, 2026

Biofunctionalization of Magnetic Nanomaterials

Biofunctionalization of Magnetic Nanomaterials

Published on: July 16, 2020

Two dimensional nanomaterial-based separation membranes.

Jian Zhang¹, Ziyi Li¹, Kan Zhan^1,2

¹Department of Chemical and Biochemical Engineering, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, State Key Laboratory of Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces, Xiamen University, Xiamen, P. R. China.

Electrophoresis

|April 11, 2019

Summary

This summary is machine-generated.

Two dimensional (2D) nanomaterial membranes offer great separation potential but face selectivity-permeability trade-offs. This review explores strategies like channel design and interface engineering to enhance 2D membrane performance for industrial applications.

Keywords:

Functionalization Interface design Nanochannel Pore Separation Two dimensional nanomaterial-based membranes

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Last Updated: Jan 26, 2026

Biofunctionalization of Magnetic Nanomaterials

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Published on: July 16, 2020

Investigating the Three-dimensional Flow Separation Induced by a Model Vocal Fold Polyp

Investigating the Three-dimensional Flow Separation Induced by a Model Vocal Fold Polyp

Published on: February 3, 2014

Dispersion of Nanomaterials in Aqueous Media: Towards Protocol Optimization

Dispersion of Nanomaterials in Aqueous Media: Towards Protocol Optimization

Published on: December 25, 2017

Area of Science:

Materials Science
Chemical Engineering
Nanotechnology

Background:

Two-dimensional (2D) nanomaterials like graphene and molybdenum disulfide show promise for advanced separation membranes.
Current 2D nanomaterial-based membranes face an inherent trade-off between selectivity and permeability, hindering industrial adoption.
Novel strategies are needed to overcome these limitations and improve separation efficiency.

Purpose of the Study:

To review recent advancements in separation mechanisms for 2D nanomaterial-based membranes.
To discuss strategies for enhancing membrane selectivity and permeability.
To highlight diverse separation applications utilizing 2D nanomaterial membranes.

Main Methods:

Review of literature on 2D nanomaterial membrane structures (interlayer channels and nanopores).
Analysis of functionalization techniques for inner membrane surfaces.
Exploration of interface engineering, including dynamic liquid-liquid/liquid-gas interfaces.

Main Results:

Emerging strategies include rational design of interlayer channels and membrane nanopores.
Functionalization and advanced interface designs significantly improve selectivity and permeability.
Diverse applications demonstrate the versatility of 2D nanomaterial membranes.

Conclusions:

Overcoming the selectivity-permeability trade-off is crucial for industrial application of 2D nanomaterial membranes.
Innovative structural designs and interface engineering are key to advancing membrane performance.
This review provides insights for future development and application of 2D nanomaterial-based separation technologies.